ATI TEAS 7
TEAS Test 7 science quizlet
1. Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?
- A. Bronchi
- B. Trachea
- C. Alveoli
- D. Pleura
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in the alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs where oxygen from inhaled air diffuses into the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveoli to be exhaled. The bronchi are the main airways that branch off from the trachea, which is the windpipe connecting the larynx to the bronchi. The pleura is a membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity, providing protection and lubrication for the lungs but not directly involved in gas exchange.
2. What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?
- A. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not
- B. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.
- C. Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do not.
- D. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: - Prokaryotic cells are simpler and do not have a true nucleus. Their genetic material is located in the nucleoid region, which is not enclosed by a membrane. - Eukaryotic cells are more complex and have a true nucleus that houses the genetic material, enclosed within a nuclear membrane. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have organelles, but eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, while prokaryotic cells lack these membrane-bound organelles.
3. In the K-capture process, a type of electron capture, from which electron shell does the electron get captured?
- A. The outermost s-orbital
- B. An inner p-orbital
- C. An inner d-orbital
- D. Any available electron shell
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The K-capture process involves the capture of an electron from the innermost electron shell, known as the K-shell. The K-shell comprises s and p orbitals. During the K-capture process, an electron is specifically captured from an inner p-orbital within the K-shell. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because K-capture involves capturing an electron from the innermost shell (K-shell) which consists of s and p orbitals, not the outermost s-orbital, inner d-orbital, or any available electron shell.
4. Which hormone, produced by the pineal gland, plays a role in regulating sleep-wake cycles and is often associated with the body's internal circadian rhythm?
- A. Melatonin
- B. Serotonin
- C. Dopamine
- D. Endorphin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Melatonin is the hormone produced by the pineal gland that plays a crucial role in regulating sleep-wake cycles and is associated with the body's internal circadian rhythm. Melatonin levels typically rise in the evening, signaling to the body that it is time to sleep, and decrease in the morning, helping to wake up and feel alert. Serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins are neurotransmitters that serve different functions in the body and are not primarily responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles. Serotonin is involved in regulating mood, appetite, and sleep. Dopamine plays a role in reward-motivated behavior and motor control. Endorphins are involved in pain regulation and are often referred to as the body's natural painkillers.
5. A ball is thrown horizontally off a cliff with a speed of 10 m/s. What is the horizontal distance the ball travels before hitting the ground?
- A. 10 m
- B. 20 m
- C. 30 m
- D. Cannot be determined without knowing the height of the cliff
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When a ball is thrown horizontally, its horizontal velocity remains constant throughout its motion. The horizontal distance traveled by the ball is determined by the horizontal velocity and the time taken to hit the ground. In this case, the horizontal distance is calculated as distance = velocity × time. Since the horizontal velocity is 10 m/s, the horizontal distance traveled by the ball is 10 m/s × time. The time taken to hit the ground is determined by the vertical motion, which is independent of the horizontal velocity. Therefore, without knowing the height of the cliff, we can still determine the horizontal distance traveled by the ball. The horizontal distance is solely dependent on the horizontal velocity and the time of flight, which are not influenced by the height of the cliff. Hence, the correct answer is 30 m. Choice A, 10 m, is incorrect as it does not consider the time of flight. Choice B, 20 m, is incorrect as it does not account for the constant horizontal velocity. Choice D, 'Cannot be determined without knowing the height of the cliff,' is incorrect because the horizontal distance can be calculated independently of the height of the cliff.
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