ATI TEAS 7
TEAS version 7 quizlet science
1. What is the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands?
- A. Insulin
- B. Calcitonin
- C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- D. Thyroxine
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands is parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body by increasing calcium levels in the blood through various mechanisms, such as promoting calcium release from bones and increasing calcium absorption in the intestines. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and regulates blood sugar levels, calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland and helps lower blood calcium levels, and thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not the primary hormone released by the parathyroid glands.
2. A person pushes a box across a floor with a constant force. The box eventually comes to a stop due to friction. What happens to the work done by the person?
- A. It increases as the box moves further.
- B. It decreases as the box slows down.
- C. It remains constant throughout the motion.
- D. It becomes zero once the box stops.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Work done is defined as the product of the force applied and the distance moved in the direction of the force. In this scenario, when the box comes to a stop, the displacement becomes zero, leading to zero work done by the person. Choice A is incorrect as the work done is not increasing, but rather decreasing as the box slows down. Choice B is incorrect because the work done does not decrease as the box slows down; it becomes zero when the box stops. Choice C is incorrect as the work done is not constant but decreases to zero when the box stops.
3. Memory B cells and memory T cells are crucial for immunological memory. How does immunological memory enhance the immune response upon re-exposure to a pathogen?
- A. It increases the production of the same ineffective antibodies.
- B. It allows for a quicker and more robust immune response.
- C. It suppresses the immune system to prevent overreaction.
- D. It triggers a completely different immune response.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Immunological memory enhances the immune response upon re-exposure to a pathogen by allowing for a quicker and more robust immune response. Memory B cells and memory T cells are primed to recognize the pathogen quickly and mount a faster and more effective response, leading to a more efficient clearance of the pathogen. Choice A is incorrect because immunological memory does not increase the production of ineffective antibodies but rather promotes the production of specific antibodies that are effective against the pathogen. Choice C is incorrect as immunological memory does not suppress the immune system; instead, it enhances the response. Choice D is incorrect because immunological memory leads to a recall of the specific immune response mounted during the initial exposure, not a completely different response.
4. Why are negative feedback mechanisms crucial in the endocrine system?
- A. To increase hormone production continuously
- B. To maintain hormone levels within a specific range
- C. To cause a constant release of hormones
- D. To disrupt communication between glands
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Negative feedback mechanisms in the endocrine system play a vital role in maintaining hormone levels within a specific range. When hormone levels deviate from the set point, negative feedback signals prompt adjustments in hormone production to bring the levels back to the optimal range. This process ensures a delicate balance of hormones in the body, preventing excesses or deficiencies. Choice A is incorrect because continuously increasing hormone production would lead to imbalances. Choice C is incorrect as a constant release of hormones without regulation would disrupt homeostasis. Choice D is incorrect because disrupting communication between glands would hinder proper coordination and regulation of hormone levels, which is essential for the body's overall function.
5. During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the atria contract, pushing blood into the ventricles?
- A. Atrial diastole
- B. Ventricular systole
- C. Atrial systole
- D. Ventricular diastole
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Atrial systole is the phase of the cardiac cycle during which the atria contract, pushing blood into the ventricles. This occurs after the atria have been filled during atrial diastole. Ventricular systole refers to the phase when the ventricles contract to push blood out of the heart, not when the atria contract. Ventricular diastole is the phase when the ventricles relax and fill with blood, not when the atria contract. Therefore, the correct answer is atrial systole as it specifically describes the atrial contraction phase.
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