ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science quizlet
1. Two objects with equal masses collide head-on, both initially moving at the same speed. After the collision, they stick together. What is their final velocity?
- A. Zero
- B. Half their initial velocity
- C. Their initial velocity
- D. Twice their initial velocity
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In an inelastic collision where two objects stick together after colliding, momentum is conserved. Since the two objects have equal masses and equal initial velocities but opposite directions, their momenta cancel out. Therefore, after the collision, the combined mass will move at the same speed as the initial velocity, but in the direction of one of the objects. Choice A ('Zero') is incorrect because momentum is conserved, and the objects must move after the collision. Choice B ('Half their initial velocity') is incorrect as the final velocity is the same as the initial velocity due to momentum conservation. Choice D ('Twice their initial velocity') is incorrect as the final velocity cannot be twice the initial velocity based on the conservation of momentum principle.
2. If you compare a 1 M solution of NaCl to a 1 M solution of glucose (C6H12O6) in water, which solution would have the higher boiling point?
- A. The NaCl solution
- B. The glucose solution
- C. They would have the same boiling point
- D. It depends on the temperature
Correct answer: A
Rationale: 1. Boiling point elevation: When a solute is added to a solvent, it raises the boiling point of the solution compared to the pure solvent. This phenomenon is known as boiling point elevation. 2. Van't Hoff factor: The extent of boiling point elevation depends on the number of particles the solute dissociates into in the solution. NaCl dissociates into two ions (Na+ and Cl-) in water, while glucose does not dissociate into ions. Therefore, NaCl has a higher Van't Hoff factor than glucose. 3. Colligative properties: Boiling point elevation is a colligative property, meaning it depends on the concentration of the solute particles, not the identity of the solute. Since both NaCl and glucose are 1 M solutions, the NaCl solution will have a higher boiling point due to its higher Van't Hoff factor. 4. Conclusion: The NaCl solution
3. Chyle, a milky white fluid, is transported by lymphatic vessels from the:
- A. Lungs
- B. Intestines
- C. Kidneys
- D. Skin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Chyle, a milky white fluid, is formed in the small intestine during digestion. It is composed of lymph and emulsified fats. Lymphatic vessels in the intestines, specifically lacteals, transport chyle from the intestines to the bloodstream for the distribution of nutrients throughout the body. The transport of chyle from the lungs, kidneys, or skin is not correct as these organs are not primarily involved in the production or transportation of chyle.
4. Which type of joint allows for the widest range of motion, similar to the shoulder joint?
- A. Hinge joint
- B. Ball-and-socket joint
- C. Gliding joint
- D. Fixed joint
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ball-and-socket joint. Ball-and-socket joints, like the shoulder joint, allow for the widest range of motion in multiple directions. This type of joint consists of a rounded bone (the 'ball') fitting into a cup-like socket, enabling movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Choice A, Hinge joint, allows movement in one plane, like a door hinge, and does not offer the same range of motion as a ball-and-socket joint. Choice C, Gliding joint, permits limited motion in various directions but not as wide as a ball-and-socket joint. Choice D, Fixed joint, does not allow any motion as it is immovable, unlike the shoulder joint which is highly mobile.
5. What is the term for the process of exchanging gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the blood and the tissues?
- A. Inhalation
- B. Exhalation
- C. External respiration
- D. Internal respiration
Correct answer: C
Rationale: External respiration is the correct term for the process of exchanging gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the blood and the tissues. It specifically refers to the exchange of gases that occurs in the lungs, where oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is released from the bloodstream to be exhaled. Inhalation and exhalation, choices A and B, are phases of the breathing process that involve the intake and expulsion of air into and out of the lungs, respectively. Internal respiration, choice D, is the process of gas exchange that happens at the cellular level between the blood and body tissues, not between the blood and the lungs or tissues as in external respiration. Therefore, external respiration is the most appropriate term for the described gas exchange process in the question.
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