ATI TEAS 7
TEAS Test 7 science
1. Describe the mechanism by which genes are transmitted from parents to offspring.
- A. Blending of parental genes, resulting in an average of their traits.
- B. Random assortment of alleles during meiosis, leading to unique combinations in each offspring.
- C. Inheritance of solely dominant alleles, masking the influence of recessive ones.
- D. Direct transfer of both parental genomes, creating identical copies of the parents.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A) Blending of parental genes, resulting in an average of their traits, is not an accurate description of how genes are transmitted. In reality, genes are not blended but rather passed down in discrete units. B) Random assortment of alleles during meiosis is the correct mechanism by which genes are transmitted from parents to offspring. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate, and alleles are randomly distributed to the gametes, leading to unique combinations of genes in each offspring. C) Inheritance of solely dominant alleles, masking the influence of recessive ones, is not an accurate representation of gene transmission. Offspring inherit alleles from both parents, and the expression of dominant or recessive traits depends on the specific combination of alleles. D) Direct transfer of both parental genomes, creating identical copies of the parents, is not how genes are transmitted. Offspring inherit a unique combination
2. A guitar string vibrates at a fundamental frequency of 440 Hz. What is the frequency of the second harmonic (first overtone)?
- A. 220 Hz
- B. 440 Hz
- C. 880 Hz
- D. 1760 Hz
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The second harmonic (first overtone) is twice the frequency of the fundamental frequency. Therefore, the frequency of the second harmonic is 440 Hz * 2 = 880 Hz. The second harmonic has a frequency that is one octave higher than the fundamental frequency, representing the first overtone of the vibrating string. Choice A (220 Hz) is incorrect as it represents half the fundamental frequency and is the second harmonic, not the first overtone. Choice B (440 Hz) is the fundamental frequency itself. Choice D (1760 Hz) is the frequency of the fourth harmonic, not the second harmonic.
3. Which gland produces the hormone responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response in stressful situations?
- A. Thyroid gland
- B. Pituitary gland
- C. Adrenal gland
- D. Pancreas
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Adrenal gland. The hormone responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response in stressful situations is produced by the adrenal gland. This hormone is called adrenaline (epinephrine) and is released in response to stress, preparing the body to either fight the stressor or flee from it. The other choices are incorrect because the thyroid gland primarily produces hormones that regulate metabolism, the pituitary gland produces various hormones that control other endocrine glands, and the pancreas produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels.
4. Bile, stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of which nutrient?
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Proteins
- C. Fats
- D. Vitamins
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, aids in the digestion of fats. Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets to increase the efficiency of fat digestion by enzymes like lipase. This process enhances the absorption of fats in the small intestine, facilitating the body's utilization of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Carbohydrates are primarily broken down by enzymes like amylase, proteins by pepsin and other proteases, and vitamins have varying digestion and absorption processes, which do not involve bile. Therefore, the correct answer is fats as they are directly influenced by bile in the digestion process.
5. How does an unbalanced force affect an object at rest?
- A. It maintains the object's state of rest
- B. It does not affect the object's rest
- C. It moves the object into motion
- D. It decreases the object's mass
Correct answer: C
Rationale: An unbalanced force acting on an object at rest will cause the object to move into motion. This is in accordance with Newton's first law of motion, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force. Therefore, option C, 'It moves the object into motion,' is the correct answer. Choices A and B are incorrect because an unbalanced force disrupts the object's state of rest. Choice D is incorrect as force does not affect the mass of an object.
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