ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science practice
1. What property of a substance remains constant regardless of changes in its location in the universe?
- A. Mass
- B. Weight
- C. Density
- D. Volume
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Mass is the amount of matter in an object and remains constant regardless of its location in the universe. Weight, on the other hand, is the force of gravity acting on an object and can vary depending on the gravitational pull at different locations. Density and volume can change based on the conditions the substance is in, so they are not constant properties. Therefore, the correct answer is mass as it does not change with changes in location.
2. When referring to blood vessel walls, the term 'atherosclerosis' describes:
- A. The abnormal buildup of plaque within the arterial walls.
- B. The inflammation of the inner lining of blood vessels.
- C. The dilation and weakening of a blood vessel wall (aneurysm).
- D. The normal process of blood vessel wall thickening with age.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'The abnormal buildup of plaque within the arterial walls.' Atherosclerosis is the process where plaque, consisting of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances, accumulates within the arteries. This buildup can lead to the hardening and narrowing of arteries, reducing blood flow and potentially causing severe health issues like heart attacks and strokes. Choice B is incorrect because inflammation of the inner lining of blood vessels is known as vasculitis, not atherosclerosis. Choice C is incorrect as it describes an aneurysm, which is a dilation and weakening of a blood vessel wall, not atherosclerosis. Choice D is incorrect as it describes arteriosclerosis, a process of blood vessel wall thickening with age, which is different from atherosclerosis.
3. What is the process of making copies of RNA from DNA called?
- A. Replication
- B. Transcription
- C. Translation
- D. DNA repair
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Transcription is the correct answer. Transcription is the process of making copies of RNA from DNA. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of DNA and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand based on the DNA template. This process is essential for gene expression and protein synthesis in cells. Replication (option A) refers to the process of making copies of DNA, not RNA. Translation (option C) is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA, not making copies of RNA from DNA. DNA repair (option D) involves mechanisms that cells use to repair damaged DNA, not the process of making RNA copies from DNA.
4. A car brakes to a stop on a level road. Which of the following forces does NOT do work on the car?
- A. The braking force applied by the wheels
- B. The normal force from the road
- C. The gravitational force on the car
- D. The friction force between the tires and the road
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The normal force from the road does not do work on the car because it is perpendicular to the direction of motion. Work is defined as force applied in the direction of motion, so the normal force, which acts perpendicular to the motion of the car, does not contribute to the work done on the car. The braking force applied by the wheels, the gravitational force on the car, and the friction force between the tires and the road all act in the direction of motion and contribute to the work done on the car. In this scenario, the normal force is supporting the weight of the car and keeping it from sinking into the road, but it does not transfer energy to the car as it moves.
5. Which of Mendel's Laws states that alleles for a gene segregate during gamete formation?
- A. Law of Independent Assortment
- B. Law of Segregation
- C. Law of Dominance
- D. Law of Probability
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The Law of Segregation, proposed by Gregor Mendel, states that alleles for a gene segregate during gamete formation. This means that each parent passes on only one allele for each gene to their offspring. This law explains how genetic diversity is maintained and how different combinations of alleles are generated in offspring. The Law of Independent Assortment (option A) is not the correct answer as it states that alleles of different genes assort independently of each other during gamete formation, not specifically alleles of a single gene. The Law of Dominance (option C) is incorrect as it pertains to the expression of alleles rather than their segregation during gamete formation. The Law of Probability (option D) is also incorrect as it is a general concept describing the likelihood of events, not specifically related to alleles segregating during gamete formation.
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