ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science practice
1. What type of muscle tissue is responsible for causing the hair follicles to stand on end when you get a goosebump?
- A. Skeletal muscle
- B. Smooth muscle
- C. Cardiac muscle
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Smooth muscle is responsible for causing the hair follicles to stand on end when you get a goosebump. This type of muscle tissue is found in the skin attached to hair follicles and contracts in response to stimuli such as cold or fear, causing the hair to stand up. Skeletal muscle is responsible for voluntary movements, and cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is not directly involved in causing goosebumps. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the specific type of muscle tissue responsible for this physiological response.
2. What principle explains the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature for ideal gases?
- A. Law of conservation of energy
- B. Newton's laws of motion
- C. Ideal gas law
- D. Archimedes' principle
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is the Ideal Gas Law (Choice C). The ideal gas law, PV = nRT, describes the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and the number of moles of gas (n) for an ideal gas. It states that the product of pressure and volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas when the number of moles is held constant. This law is a fundamental principle in understanding the behavior of ideal gases. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The Law of conservation of energy (Choice A) pertains to the principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed; Newton's laws of motion (Choice B) describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it; Archimedes' principle (Choice D) deals with the buoyant force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid. These principles are not directly related to the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature for ideal gases.
3. The 'fight-or-flight' response is triggered by the hormone released from the:
- A. Thyroid gland
- B. Adrenal glands
- C. Pituitary gland
- D. Pancreas
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The 'fight-or-flight' response is triggered by the release of adrenaline (epinephrine) and norepinephrine from the adrenal glands. These hormones prepare the body to either confront or flee from a perceived threat or stressor. The adrenal glands are crucial in initiating this rapid physiological response. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the thyroid gland primarily regulates metabolism and energy levels, the pituitary gland controls other endocrine glands but does not directly trigger the 'fight-or-flight' response, and the pancreas is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels through insulin and glucagon, not for triggering the 'fight-or-flight' response.
4. What is the relationship between the speed of a wave, its frequency, and wavelength in a given medium?
- A. Speed = Frequency × Wavelength
- B. Speed = Frequency ÷ Wavelength
- C. Speed = Frequency + Wavelength
- D. Speed = Frequency - Wavelength
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The speed of a wave in a given medium is determined by the product of its frequency and wavelength. This relationship is described by the formula: Speed = Frequency × Wavelength. When a wave travels through a medium, the speed at which it propagates is directly proportional to both its frequency and wavelength. Therefore, to calculate the speed of the wave, you multiply the frequency of the wave by its wavelength. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because speed is not determined by division, addition, or subtraction of frequency and wavelength; instead, it is determined by their multiplication in the given medium.
5. The van't Hoff factor (i) accounts for the number of particles a solute dissociates into in solution. For a compound that dissociates completely in water, i would be...
- A. 0
- B. Less than 1
- C. 1
- D. More than 1
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The van't Hoff factor (i) represents the number of particles a solute dissociates into in solution. For a compound that dissociates completely in water, i would be more than 1 because it breaks apart into more particles than the original compound. This is due to complete dissociation leading to an increase in the number of particles in solution, resulting in i being greater than 1. Choice A is incorrect as a compound that dissociates completely will not have an i value of 0. Choice B is incorrect because when a compound dissociates completely, the van't Hoff factor is not less than 1. Choice C is incorrect as a compound that dissociates completely will not have an i value of 1, but rather more than 1 due to the increased number of particles in solution.
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