ATI TEAS 7
TEAS Practice Test Science
1. Where does the electron transport chain occur in the cell?
- A. Cytosol
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Inner mitochondrial membrane
- D. Nucleus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The electron transport chain occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This process is crucial for the generation of ATP, the cell's energy currency. Choice A (Cytosol) is incorrect as the electron transport chain does not take place in the cytosol. Choice B (Golgi apparatus) is also incorrect as the Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging of proteins. Choice D (Nucleus) is incorrect as the nucleus houses the cell's genetic material but is not the location of the electron transport chain.
2. What type of joint is found in the shoulder and hip, allowing for a wide range of motion?
- A. Hinge joint
- B. Ball-and-socket joint
- C. Pivot joint
- D. Saddle joint
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ball-and-socket joint. A ball-and-socket joint, like those in the shoulder and hip, allows for a wide range of motion. In a ball-and-socket joint, the rounded end of one bone fits into the cup-like socket of another bone, enabling movement in multiple directions. Choice A, Hinge joint, is incorrect because hinge joints allow movement only in one plane, like a door hinge. Choice C, Pivot joint, is incorrect as it allows rotational movement around a single axis, not the wide range of motion seen in the shoulder and hip. Choice D, Saddle joint, is also incorrect as it allows movement in multiple directions but to a lesser extent compared to the ball-and-socket joint.
3. Following the scientific method, which steps would be done before gathering qualitative data?
- A. Communicate with a scientific journal
- B. Define the problem
- C. Develop a hypothesis
- D. Categorize data for statistical analysis
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the scientific method, defining the problem is typically the initial step. Before gathering qualitative data, it is essential to clearly outline and understand the issue or question being addressed. This step helps in guiding the research process and ensures that the data collected are relevant to the problem at hand. Communicating with a scientific journal (Choice A) is not a standard step in the scientific method; it comes after the research is conducted. Developing a hypothesis (Choice C) usually follows defining the problem and precedes data collection. Categorizing data for statistical analysis (Choice D) occurs after data collection, not before gathering qualitative data.
4. Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for voice production?
- A. Pharynx
- B. Larynx
- C. Trachea
- D. Bronchi
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the larynx. The larynx, commonly referred to as the voice box, is responsible for voice production in the respiratory system. It contains vocal cords that vibrate to produce sound. The pharynx is a passage for food and air, the trachea is a tubular structure that carries air to and from the lungs, and the bronchi are the main airway passages in the lungs. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not play a direct role in voice production.
5. Which neuromuscular system controls voluntary movement?
- A. Autonomic
- B. Somatic
- C. Sympathetic
- D. Parasympathetic
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Somatic. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles. It is responsible for carrying sensory and motor information to and from the central nervous system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The autonomic nervous system (choice A) controls involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion. The sympathetic (choice C) and parasympathetic (choice D) nervous systems are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system and are responsible for the body's fight-or-flight response and rest-and-digest functions, respectively.
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