ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS Science Practice Test
1. What is the process by which ribosomes use transcribed RNA to assemble the required protein?
- A. Translation
- B. Transcription
- C. Replication
- D. Duplication
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Translation is the correct process where ribosomes decode mRNA to synthesize proteins, following the sequence of codons in the mRNA. During translation, ribosomes use the transcribed RNA (mRNA) as a template to assemble amino acids into a protein according to the genetic code carried by the mRNA. Choice B, Transcription, is incorrect as it is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template. Choice C, Replication, is also incorrect as it involves the duplication of DNA to produce an identical copy. Choice D, Duplication, is not a biological term related to protein synthesis, making it an incorrect choice.
2. Which of the following is NOT a function of the forebrain?
- A. To regulate blood pressure and heart rate
- B. To perceive and interpret emotional responses like fear and anger
- C. To perceive and interpret visual input from the eyes
- D. To integrate voluntary movement
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The forebrain is primarily responsible for higher cognitive functions such as perception, interpretation, and integration of sensory information, emotional responses, and voluntary movements. Functions like regulating blood pressure and heart rate are mainly controlled by various structures in the brainstem, such as the medulla oblongata and the pons. Choices B, C, and D are all functions associated with the forebrain. Choice B relates to the limbic system, which is part of the forebrain responsible for emotional responses. Choice C corresponds to the occipital lobe in the forebrain, involved in processing visual information. Choice D involves the motor cortex and other areas in the forebrain that coordinate voluntary movements.
3. A student hypothesizes that higher sugar consumption negatively impacts test scores. To investigate this, the student recruits participants to consume varying amounts of sugar, wait for one hour, and then complete an aptitude test. The student will record both the amount of sugar consumed and the test scores to analyze the relationship. What is the best experimental approach?
- A. Conduct one round of testing where each participant consumes a different amount of sugar.
- B. Conduct two rounds of testing: In the first round, participants consume varying amounts of sugar; in the second round, they consume the same amount of sugar as they did in the first round.
- C. Conduct two rounds of testing: In the first round, participants consume varying amounts of sugar; in the second round, participants consume no sugar.
- D. Conduct one round of testing where all participants consume the same amount of sugar.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Option C provides the most thorough experimental design by including a control group. In the first round, varying sugar intake levels help explore the relationship between sugar consumption and test scores. In the second round, by having participants consume no sugar, the student can compare results to observe any changes due to sugar intake. This approach enhances the validity of the findings by accounting for potential confounding factors and better identifying causal relationships. Choice A is not ideal as it lacks a control group and does not compare the impact of sugar consumption. Choice B does not explore the effects of sugar consumption adequately as it does not include a group without sugar. Choice D does not allow for comparison between different sugar consumption levels, limiting the ability to draw meaningful conclusions.
4. Which statement is true about the pH of a solution?
- A. A solution cannot have a pH less than 0.
- B. A solution always has a pH of 7.
- C. A solution's pH is not influenced by its chemical composition.
- D. A solution with a pH of 14 is considered acidic.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 0 being the most acidic, 7 neutral, and 14 the most basic. A solution with a pH less than 0 would be outside the defined pH range, as 0 is the lower limit. Therefore, a solution cannot have a pH less than 0. Choice B is incorrect because a pH of 7 is considered neutral, not always the pH of a solution. Choice C is incorrect because a solution's pH is influenced by its chemical composition. Choice D is incorrect as a solution with a pH of 14 is considered highly basic, not acidic.
5. What are the three types of muscle tissues?
- A. Cardiac, smooth, epithelial
- B. Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
- C. Cardiac, smooth, connective
- D. Skeletal, epithelial, connective
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skeletal, cardiac, smooth. Skeletal muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movement, cardiac muscle tissue is found in the heart and is responsible for involuntary heart contractions, and smooth muscle tissue is located in organs and is responsible for involuntary movements. Therefore, the three types of muscle tissues are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they include types of tissues that are not classified as muscle tissues. Epithelial and connective tissues are different types of tissues that serve other functions in the body, not related to muscle contractions.
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