which of the following techniques represents the most appropriate method of opening the airway of an infant with no suspected neck injury

ATI LPN

LPN Pediatrics

1. Which of the following techniques represents the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway of an infant with no suspected neck injury?

A. Perform the technique as you would for an older child or adult.
B. Lift up the chin and hyperextend the neck.
C. Gently lift the chin while maintaining slight flexion of the neck.
D. Tilt the head back without hyperextending the neck.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tilting the head back without hyperextending the neck is the safest way to open an infant's airway. Hyperextending the neck can potentially cause harm to the infant, making option D the most appropriate method for opening an infant's airway without suspected neck injury.

2. Which intervention is not appropriate for the hospitalized adolescent?

A. Allowing the adolescent to assist with procedures when possible.
B. Encouraging them to discuss their thoughts and feelings about the hospitalization.
C. Encouraging them to remain in the room throughout the hospitalization to ensure adequate rest periods.
D. Encouraging peer visitation.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Encouraging the adolescent to remain in the room throughout the hospitalization to ensure adequate rest periods is not appropriate. It is crucial for adolescents to have opportunities for physical activity and social interaction to promote their well-being during hospitalization. Allowing them to assist with procedures when possible can empower them and provide a sense of control. Encouraging discussions about their thoughts and feelings helps address their emotional needs. Facilitating peer visitation fosters social support, which is beneficial for their well-being. Therefore, choice C is the least appropriate as it restricts important aspects of the adolescent's development and coping mechanisms during hospitalization.

3. You arrive at the scene shortly after a 3-year-old female experienced a seizure. The child, who is being held by her mother, is conscious and crying. The mother tells you that her daughter has been ill recently and has a temperature of 102.5°F. What is the MOST appropriate treatment for this child?

A. Oxygen via non-rebreathing mask, place the child in a tub of cold water to lower her body temperature, and transport.
B. Oxygen via the blow-by technique, transport, and request a paramedic intercept so an anticonvulsant drug can be given.
C. Oxygen via non-rebreathing mask, avoid any measures to lower the child's body temperature, and transport at once.
D. Oxygen via the blow-by technique, remove clothing to help reduce her fever, and transport with continuous monitoring.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The most appropriate treatment for a child who has experienced a seizure and has a fever includes administering oxygen via the blow-by technique, removing clothing to help reduce fever, and transporting the child with continuous monitoring. Choice A is incorrect because placing the child in a tub of cold water can lead to hypothermia and is not recommended for fever reduction. Choice B is incorrect as requesting an anticonvulsant drug without proper evaluation and assessment by a healthcare provider is not appropriate. Choice C is incorrect as avoiding measures to lower the child's body temperature can worsen the situation in case of febrile seizures. Therefore, the best course of action is to provide oxygen via the blow-by technique, remove excess clothing to reduce fever, and transport the child while continuously monitoring her condition.

4. You have arrived for your shift on the children's ward and need to assess a 2-year-old who is accompanied by his father. Identify the appropriate strategy to successfully complete a focused assessment:

A. Allow the child to inspect the equipment for faults before and during assessment
B. Ask parent to leave room until assessment has been completed
C. Perform traumatic or invasive procedures first
D. Have the child sit in parents lap and request assistance if necessary

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Having the child sit in parent's lap can help reduce anxiety and allow for a more accurate assessment.

5. A child of 3 years has been admitted to your pediatric ward. The doctor gave a provisional diagnosis of respiratory tract infection. After careful assessment and history, he gave a final diagnosis of lower respiratory infection. Which of the following signs will confirm the diagnosis?

A. Cough
B. Fever
C. Inability to lie supine
D. Inability to eat

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Inability to lie supine is a specific sign of lower respiratory infection. This condition can cause discomfort or difficulty in breathing when lying flat, leading to a preference for an upright or semi-upright position. While cough and fever are common symptoms of respiratory infections, the inability to lie supine is more indicative of lower respiratory involvement.