which of the following is true of hypotheses of the form all x are y

ATI TEAS 7

Practice TEAS Test Reading

1. Which of the following is true of hypotheses of the form 'All x are y'?

A. Something that is neither x nor y disproves the hypothesis.
B. Something that is both x and y disproves the hypothesis.
C. Something that is x but not y disproves the hypothesis.
D. Something that is y but not x disproves the hypothesis.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In hypotheses of the form 'All x are y,' the hypothesis is making a claim that all instances of x also fall under y. Therefore, if something is y but not x, it disproves the hypothesis because it contradicts the assertion that all x are y. Choice A is incorrect because something that is neither x nor y doesn't provide evidence against the hypothesis. Choice B is incorrect because if something is both x and y, it actually supports the hypothesis. Choice C is incorrect as something that is x but not y doesn't disprove the hypothesis, as it could still be consistent with the claim that all x are y.

2. What is the tone of the passage?

A. Witty
B. Incredulous
C. Aggressive
D. Tense

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Witty.' The tone of the passage is light-hearted and humorous, characterized by amusing details like the eccentric birthday party with zebras, monster trucks, and a limited buffet of boiled asparagus and pickled carrots. The mention of Dr. Creekstone planning an even bigger party with more zebras adds to the whimsical and humorous tone. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as there is no indication of disbelief, hostility, or anxiety in the passage; instead, it conveys a sense of fun and amusement.

3. In a lesson on mass media, a teacher is showing commercials and analyzing their hidden messages. Which of the following is an example of a commercial that claims professional authority not supported by evidence?

A. A commercial selling pain relief featuring a professional basketball player who says he uses the product
B. A commercial for cold medicine narrated by a man in a doctor's coat
C. A commercial for a new toy showing footage of children playing happily with it
D. A commercial for a prepared food with testimonials by real consumers

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The commercial for cold medicine narrated by a man in a doctor's coat is the correct answer. This commercial claims professional authority without providing any evidence of the narrator's credentials. While the man may appear to be a doctor with his coat, there is no proof that he is actually a medical professional or that the product is recommended by experts. This lack of evidence can mislead consumers by giving the product an air of legitimacy and credibility without factual support. Choices A, C, and D do not fit the criteria as they involve a professional athlete endorsing a product, children enjoying a toy, and real consumers providing testimonials respectively.

4. Which of the following statements best summarizes the central purpose of this text?

A. Gulliver details his experiences and interactions with the natives of the new land.
B. Gulliver observes the unique customs and traditions of the society he encounters.
C. Gulliver becomes acquainted with the people and practices of his new surroundings.
D. Gulliver reflects on the cultural differences between his homeland and the new land.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the text describes how Gulliver becomes familiar with the customs and practices of the new society he finds himself in. He interacts with the natives, learns their language, and participates in their shows, indicating his growing understanding and acceptance of the new culture. Choice A is incorrect because the text goes beyond detailing his experiences to focus on his growing familiarity with the society. Choice B is incorrect because Gulliver not only observes but actively engages with the customs. Choice D is incorrect as the focus is on Gulliver's adaptation rather than reflecting on cultural differences.

5. Which phrase best completes the definition of a memoir?

A. A historical account of a person's life written by one who has intimate knowledge of the person's life
B. A historical account of a person's life written by the person himself or herself
C. A fictional account about a famous person
D. A nonfictional account about a famous person without factual reference

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A memoir is a historical account of a person's life written by someone who has intimate knowledge of that person's life, not necessarily by the person themselves. This distinguishes it from an autobiography, which is written by the person themselves. Memoirs are nonfictional and based on factual references, making option A the most fitting completion of the definition. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because a memoir is not necessarily written by the person about whom it is written, it is not fictional, and it should be based on factual references to be considered a memoir.