Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?

• A. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
• B. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
• C. 2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl
• D. N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A decomposition reaction involves a single compound breaking down into two or more simpler substances. In option B, CaCO3 breaks down into CaO and CO2, making it an example of a decomposition reaction. Options A, C, and D involve different types of chemical reactions such as synthesis, combination, and combustion, respectively. Option A represents a synthesis reaction, where two elements combine to form a compound. Option C demonstrates a combination reaction, where two elements combine to form a compound. Option D is an example of a synthesis reaction, where two reactants combine to form a single compound. It is important to recognize the specific characteristics of each type of chemical reaction to identify the correct example of decomposition reaction, where a compound breaks down into simpler products.

2. What is the primary function of Bartholin's glands?

• A. Secretes hormones that help the body respond to stress
• B. Provide lubrication for the vagina
• C. Helps control growth and development of the body
• D. Stimulate the development of T cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bartholin's glands are two small glands located on each side of the vaginal opening. Their primary function is to secrete fluids that help lubricate the vagina during sexual arousal. This lubrication helps to reduce friction and discomfort during sexual activity, making intercourse more comfortable and pleasurable. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Bartholin's glands do not secrete hormones to respond to stress, control growth and development, or stimulate the development of T cells. Their main role is specifically related to vaginal lubrication.

3. Which of the following nucleic acids carries amino acids to organelles called ribosomes, where the amino acids are linked one by one to produce a polypeptide?

• A. DNA
• B. mRNA
• C. rRNA
• D. tRNA

Correct answer: D

Rationale: tRNA is the correct answer as it carries amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. Transfer RNA (tRNA) plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by bringing specific amino acids to the ribosome according to the mRNA sequence. Once at the ribosome, the amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain. This process is essential for the creation of proteins in the cell, highlighting the significance of tRNA in the translation process. Choice A, DNA, is incorrect as DNA does not directly participate in protein synthesis. Choice B, mRNA, is incorrect as mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome but does not directly carry amino acids. Choice C, rRNA, is incorrect as ribosomal RNA is a component of the ribosome structure and is involved in protein synthesis but does not carry amino acids like tRNA.

4. The framework of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that provides structure, support, and facilitates movement is part of the:

• A. Muscular system
• B. Skeletal system
• C. Nervous system
• D. Endocrine system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that work together to provide structure, support, protection for internal organs, and facilitate movement. It is responsible for supporting the body's framework and protecting vital organs. The muscular system (option A) consists of muscles that work with the skeletal system to produce movement but does not include bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. The nervous system (option C) is responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body to control movement and other functions. The endocrine system (option D) is a collection of glands that produce hormones to regulate various bodily functions but is not primarily involved in structure, support, and movement as the skeletal system is.

5. Which of the following organs is responsible for churning and mechanically breaking down food?

• A. Small intestine
• B. Large intestine
• C. Stomach
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the stomach. The stomach is responsible for churning and mechanically breaking down food. It contains muscles that contract and relax to mix food with digestive juices, breaking it down into smaller particles. This mechanical digestion process helps prepare the food for further digestion and absorption in the small intestine. The small intestine is primarily responsible for the absorption of nutrients, not for mechanical digestion. The large intestine absorbs water and salts, and the esophagus is a muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach, not involved in churning or breaking down food.

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