Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following describes a scalar quantity?

• A. Velocity
• B. Acceleration
• C. Force
• D. Speed

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that has magnitude only, without any direction. Speed is an example of a scalar quantity because it only describes how fast an object is moving without specifying the direction of motion. Velocity, acceleration, and force are vector quantities because they have both magnitude and direction. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Speed.' Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because velocity, acceleration, and force are all vector quantities that involve both magnitude and direction.

2. Identify the element with the electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6. To which group and period does this element belong?

• A. Group 16, Period 3
• B. Group 14, Period 3
• C. Group 18, Period 3
• D. Group 17, Period 2

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The given electron configuration matches that of Argon, an element found in Group 18 of the periodic table. This element is in the third period, as indicated by the highest energy level (n=3) where electrons are present. Therefore, the correct answer is Group 18, Period 3. Choice A (Group 16, Period 3) corresponds to sulfur, not the given electron configuration. Choice B (Group 14, Period 3) corresponds to silicon, not the given electron configuration. Choice D (Group 17, Period 2) corresponds to chlorine, which is in Period 3 but not in Group 18, making it incorrect for the given electron configuration.

3. Which of the following statements describes a chemical property of water?

• A. Water has a pH of 1.
• B. A water molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
• C. A water molecule contains 2 oxygen atoms and 1 hydrogen atom.
• D. The chemical formula for water is HO.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, which is a fundamental chemical property of water. The pH of water is not a property of the water molecule itself but rather a measure of its acidity or alkalinity. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a different molecule, not water. Choice D provides an incorrect chemical formula for water, which is H2O.

4. What is the primary cause of acne vulgaris, commonly known as acne?

• A. Dry skin
• B. Clogged pores and excess oil production
• C. Bacterial infection alone
• D. Vitamin deficiency

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary cause of acne vulgaris is clogged pores and excess oil production. Acne develops when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, creating an environment for bacteria to thrive, leading to inflammation and acne breakouts. While dry skin, bacterial infection alone, and vitamin deficiency can contribute to acne, they are not the main underlying cause. Therefore, the correct answer is clogged pores and excess oil production, as they form the basis for the development of acne vulgaris.

5. Which organ serves as the human body's command center, integrating sensory information and coordinating movement and vital functions?

• A. Lungs
• B. Brain
• C. Kidneys
• D. Stomach

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The brain is the human body's command center, responsible for integrating sensory information, coordinating movement, and regulating vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion. While the lungs, kidneys, and stomach perform crucial functions in the body, they do not have the central role of serving as the command center for these essential bodily processes. The lungs are primarily involved in respiration, the kidneys in filtering blood and regulating fluid balance, and the stomach in digestion. However, none of these organs have the comprehensive control over sensory integration, movement coordination, and vital functions like the brain does.

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