Nursing Elites

1. Which nutrient is an organic compound?

• A. salt
• B. water
• C. calcium
• D. vitamin C

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin C is the correct answer because it is an organic compound containing carbon, which is a defining characteristic of organic compounds. Salt (choice A), water (choice B), and calcium (choice C) are inorganic compounds that do not contain carbon. Inorganic compounds are typically lacking carbon-hydrogen bonds, unlike organic compounds. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of being organic compounds.

2. Which characteristic is most typical of a chronic disease?

• A. It has a rapid onset.
• B. It rarely has noticeable symptoms.
• C. It produces sharp pains.
• D. It progresses gradually.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chronic diseases are characterized by a gradual progression over time, affecting individuals for an extended period. Option A is incorrect as chronic diseases do not have a rapid onset like acute conditions. Option B is incorrect as chronic diseases often manifest noticeable symptoms. Option C is incorrect as sharp pains are not a defining characteristic of chronic diseases. Chronic diseases can present a variety of symptoms depending on the specific condition, but gradual progression is a common feature distinguishing them from acute illnesses.

3. How many vitamins are known to be required in the diet of human beings?

• A. 5
• B. 8
• C. 10
• D. 13

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 13. There are 13 essential vitamins required in the diet of human beings, including vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins. Choice A (5), Choice B (8), and Choice C (10) are incorrect because they do not represent the total number of essential vitamins needed by human beings.

4. What is an important dietary consideration for a child with celiac disease?

• A. Increased iron intake
• B. Gluten-free diet
• C. High-protein diet
• D. Low-sodium diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A gluten-free diet is crucial for managing celiac disease in children because it helps prevent intestinal damage and alleviate symptoms. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, and it triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease, damaging the lining of the small intestine. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While iron intake is important for overall health, a child with celiac disease can still meet their iron needs through sources that are naturally gluten-free or fortified. A high-protein diet or a low-sodium diet are not specifically required for managing celiac disease.

5. What is an important aspect of managing a child with ADHD?

• A. Increasing academic workload
• B. Consistent behavior management strategies
• C. Restricting all physical activity
• D. Encouraging solitary activities

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Consistent behavior management strategies are crucial when managing a child with ADHD. By implementing consistent strategies, such as clear rules, positive reinforcement, and structure, it helps the child improve focus, manage impulsivity, and regulate their behavior. Choice A, 'Increasing academic workload,' is incorrect as overwhelming a child with ADHD with more academic tasks can exacerbate their symptoms. Choice C, 'Restricting all physical activity,' is also incorrect as physical activity is beneficial for children with ADHD to release excess energy and improve focus. Choice D, 'Encouraging solitary activities,' is not ideal as social interaction and engagement with others are important for a child's development and well-being.

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