which is instituted for the therapeutic management of minimal change nephrotic syndrome
Logo

Nursing Elites

HESI LPN

Pediatric HESI 2023

1. What is the primary treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome due to their immunosuppressive effects, which help reduce proteinuria and control the disease progression. Antihypertensive agents are not the primary treatment for this condition and are typically used to manage hypertension that may result from nephrotic syndrome. Long-term diuretics are not indicated in the treatment of minimal change nephrotic syndrome as they do not address the underlying cause. Increasing fluids to promote diuresis is not a recommended treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome, as it can exacerbate edema and fluid overload in these patients.

2. A 2-year-old child with a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is being discharged. What dietary instructions should the nurse provide?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct dietary instruction for a 2-year-old child with GERD is to avoid gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye that can worsen GERD symptoms. Avoiding gluten can help reduce inflammation and discomfort in the esophagus. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because spicy foods, high-fat foods, and dairy products can exacerbate GERD symptoms. Spicy foods can irritate the esophagus, high-fat foods delay stomach emptying leading to increased acid reflux, and dairy products can stimulate acid production, all of which can worsen GERD symptoms.

3. The school nurse is caring for a boy with hemophilia who fell on his arm during recess. What supportive measures should the nurse use until factor replacement therapy can be instituted?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Elevating the affected area above the level of the heart is the correct supportive measure for a child with hemophilia who has experienced trauma. This action helps reduce bleeding and swelling by promoting venous return and preventing further pooling of blood in the affected area. Applying warm, moist compresses (Choice A) may not be recommended as it can potentially increase bleeding by dilating blood vessels. Applying pressure for at least 1 minute (Choice B) can be helpful for minor cuts or wounds but may not be as effective in managing bleeding in a child with hemophilia. Beginning passive range-of-motion (Choice D) should be avoided as it can exacerbate bleeding and cause further damage in a child with hemophilia.

4. A 7-year-old child has an altered mental status, high fever, and a generalized rash. You perform your assessment and initiate oxygen therapy. En route to the hospital, you should be most alert for:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a pediatric patient presenting with altered mental status, high fever, and a generalized rash, seizures are a significant concern. Febrile seizures can occur in children with high fevers and may lead to further complications. It is crucial to monitor for seizures and be prepared to manage them promptly. Vomiting, combativeness, and respiratory distress are also important considerations in pediatric patients; however, given the clinical presentation described, seizures take priority as they are a common complication in this scenario.

5. When discussing the side effects of the Haemophilus influenzae (Hib) vaccine with parents, which sign should the nurse mention for an infant receiving the vaccine?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Low-grade fever.' A low-grade fever is a typical, mild side effect that can occur after the Hib vaccine is administered. It is a sign that the body's immune system is responding to the vaccine and is generally not a cause for concern. Lethargy, urticaria, and generalized rash are not commonly associated side effects of the Hib vaccine. Lethargy may be a sign of other issues, while urticaria and generalized rash are more indicative of allergic reactions rather than typical responses to the Hib vaccine.

Similar Questions

At 7 AM, a nurse receives the information that an adolescent with diabetes has a 6:30 AM fasting blood glucose level of 180 mg/dL. What is the priority nursing action at this time?
What is the priority intervention for a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis upon admission?
A parent tearfully tells a nurse, 'They think our child is developmentally delayed. We are thinking about investigating a preschool program for cognitively impaired children.' What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?
A parent asks the nurse what to do when their toddler has temper tantrums. What play materials should the nurse suggest to offer the child as another way of expressing anger?
Which observation made of the exposed abdomen is most indicative of pyloric stenosis?

Access More Features

HESI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All HESI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

HESI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All HESI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

Other Courses