which is considered an internal disaster

HESI LPN

Leadership and Management HESI Quizlet

1. Which of the following is considered an internal disaster?

A. A patient fall
B. The massive spread of pneumonia
C. A computer hacking episode
D. Unexpected staff absences due to illness

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A computer hacking episode is considered an internal disaster as it disrupts the internal operations of the healthcare facility, compromising data security and potentially impacting patient care. Choices A, B, and D do not directly relate to internal disasters in a healthcare setting. A patient fall is a patient safety issue, the massive spread of pneumonia is a public health concern, and unexpected staff absences due to illness may affect staffing levels but are not typically classified as internal disasters.

2. Which patient is exercising their right to autonomy in the context of patient rights?

A. An 86-year-old female who remains independent in terms of the activities of daily living.
B. An unemancipated 16-year-old who chooses to not have an intravenous line.
C. A 32-year-old who does not need the help of the nurse to bathe and groom themselves.
D. A 99-year-old who wants CPR despite the fact that the nurse and doctor do not think that it would be successful.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. A 99-year-old exercising their right to autonomy in the context of patient rights by choosing CPR. Autonomy in healthcare refers to the patient's right to make their own decisions about their care, even if healthcare providers may disagree. In this scenario, the 99-year-old patient is exercising autonomy by making an informed choice about their medical treatment, despite healthcare professionals having a different opinion. Choices A, B, and C do not directly demonstrate the exercise of autonomy in decision-making regarding medical treatment, making them incorrect.

3. When reinforcing teaching and instructing the patient, which basic principle of teaching should you follow?

A. Sequence the instruction from the least complex to the most complex.
B. Assume that the patient knows little or nothing about the topic.
C. Tell the patient to call their significant other so you can instruct them.
D. Use medically oriented terms so the patient will be able to speak with the doctor.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct principle of teaching to follow when reinforcing teaching and instructing the patient is to sequence the instruction from the least complex to the most complex. This approach facilitates learning by building upon simpler concepts before moving to more advanced ones. Choice B is incorrect because assuming the patient knows little or nothing about the topic may not always be accurate and can be patronizing. Choice C is incorrect as it does not focus on the direct teaching approach to the patient. Choice D is incorrect as using medically oriented terms may confuse the patient rather than facilitate understanding.

4. What is the main objective of palliative care?

A. To cure the disease
B. To provide relief from symptoms and improve quality of life
C. To extend hospital stays
D. To focus solely on treatment

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main objective of palliative care is to provide relief from symptoms and improve quality of life. Palliative care focuses on enhancing the quality of life for patients facing serious illnesses by providing relief from symptoms such as pain, stress, and other physical and emotional issues. Choice A is incorrect because palliative care does not aim to cure the disease but rather to manage symptoms. Choice C is incorrect as the goal of palliative care is not to extend hospital stays unnecessarily but to improve the patient's well-being. Choice D is incorrect as palliative care is not solely focused on treatment but takes a holistic approach to care that includes addressing physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs.

5. Select the types of pain that are accurately coupled with an example of it. Select all that are correct.

A. Radicular pain: Pain shooting down the leg from a herniated disc
B. Central neuropathic pain: Pain from nerve damage after a stroke
C. Peripheral neuropathic pain: Pain from diabetic neuropathy in the feet
D. Chronic pain: Pain lasting for more than 3-6 months

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because chronic pain is characterized by lasting for a prolonged period, typically more than 3-6 months, and is not necessarily related to acute injuries like a stab wound to the chest. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately match the type of pain with its corresponding example. Radicular pain is pain that radiates along the nerve path, often from a pinched nerve or herniated disc, not a broken bone. Central neuropathic pain arises from damage to the central nervous system, such as after a stroke, not a leg injury. Peripheral neuropathic pain is caused by damage to the peripheral nerves, such as in diabetic neuropathy, not a fractured leg bone.