ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS 7 science review
1. Which hormone is responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles and is influenced by light exposure?
- A. Melatonin
- B. Cortisol
- C. Estrogen
- D. Glucagon
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Melatonin. Melatonin is the hormone responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles, also known as the circadian rhythm. Its production is influenced by light exposure, with levels increasing in the evening in response to darkness, signaling the body that it is time to sleep. Choice B, cortisol, is a stress hormone and does not directly regulate sleep-wake cycles. Choice C, estrogen, is a sex hormone and is not primarily involved in regulating sleep. Choice D, glucagon, is a hormone that increases blood glucose levels and is not related to sleep-wake cycles.
2. What is the primary mode of CO2 transport in the body?
- A. Bicarbonate
- B. Carbamino compounds
- C. None of these
- D. Plasma
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bicarbonate. In the body, the primary mode of CO2 transport is as bicarbonate. Carbon dioxide is converted to bicarbonate in red blood cells as part of the bicarbonate buffer system, which helps maintain the pH balance in the blood. Bicarbonate is then transported in the plasma to the lungs where it is converted back to carbon dioxide for exhalation. While carbamino compounds also play a role in CO2 transport by binding to amino groups on proteins, bicarbonate is the main mode of transport for carbon dioxide in the body. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the primary mechanism of CO2 transport in the body.
3. How are mass and inertia related?
- A. Mass is a measure of inertia
- B. Mass has no relationship with inertia
- C. Inertia is a measure of weight
- D. Inertia increases with decreasing mass
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Mass is a measure of inertia. Inertia is the resistance of an object to changes in its state of motion, and mass quantifies this resistance. Objects with more mass have greater inertia, meaning they are more resistant to changes in their motion. Therefore, mass and inertia are directly related, with mass being a fundamental factor that determines the level of inertia an object possesses. Choice B is incorrect because mass and inertia are indeed related. Choice C is incorrect as inertia is not a measure of weight but rather a property related to an object's mass. Choice D is incorrect because inertia actually increases with increasing mass, not decreasing mass.
4. What function do ribosomes serve within the cell?
- A. Ribosomes are responsible for cell movement.
- B. Ribosomes aid in protein synthesis.
- C. Ribosomes help protect the cell from its environment.
- D. Ribosomes have enzymes that help with digestion.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ribosomes serve a crucial role in protein synthesis by translating mRNA into proteins. They are not involved in cell movement, protecting the cell from the environment, or aiding in digestion. Choice A is incorrect because ribosomes are not responsible for cell movement. Choice C is incorrect because ribosomes do not primarily protect the cell from its environment. Choice D is incorrect because ribosomes do not have enzymes that aid in digestion.
5. What happens to the density of a substance if its mass increases while its volume remains constant?
- A. Density increases
- B. Density decreases
- C. Density remains constant
- D. Density becomes zero
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When the mass of a substance increases while its volume remains constant, the density, which is calculated by dividing mass by volume, will increase. This is because with a higher mass and the volume staying the same, the ratio of mass to volume (density) will be greater, resulting in an overall increase in density. Choice B, 'Density decreases,' is incorrect because an increase in mass with constant volume leads to a higher density. Choice C, 'Density remains constant,' is incorrect as an increase in mass will cause the density to increase. Choice D, 'Density becomes zero,' is incorrect because even with an increase in mass, as long as volume remains constant, density will not reach zero; it will increase instead.
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