Nursing Elites

1. Which force opposes the relative motion between surfaces in contact?

• A. Tension force
• B. Frictional force
• C. Gravitational force
• D. Magnetic force

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Frictional force. Frictional force opposes the relative motion between surfaces in contact. When two surfaces are in contact and one tries to slide over the other, the frictional force resists this motion, making it harder for the surfaces to move relative to each other. Choice A, tension force, is incorrect because tension force is a force transmitted through a string, rope, cable, or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. Choice C, gravitational force, is incorrect as it is the force of attraction between two masses. Choice D, magnetic force, is incorrect as it is the force exerted between magnetic objects.

2. Which of the following is responsible for regulating body temperature?

• A. Hypothalamus
• B. Cerebellum
• C. Pituitary gland
• D. Thyroid gland

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature, hunger, thirst, and maintaining overall homeostasis in the body. It receives input from temperature receptors in the skin and internal organs and helps initiate responses to maintain a stable internal body temperature. Acting as the body's thermostat, the hypothalamus adjusts responses to ensure the body's temperature remains within a narrow range, despite external conditions. The Cerebellum (Choice B) is primarily involved in coordinating movement and balance, not regulating body temperature. The Pituitary gland (Choice C) is responsible for producing and secreting hormones that regulate various bodily functions but not directly involved in body temperature regulation. The Thyroid gland (Choice D) plays a role in metabolism and hormone regulation but is not the primary regulator of body temperature.

3. What type of particle carries no charge and mediates the strong nuclear force between protons and neutrons?

• A. Electron
• B. Photon
• C. Gluon
• D. Neutrino

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gluon. Gluons are the particles responsible for mediating the strong nuclear force between protons and neutrons. They are the carriers of this force. Choice A, Electron, is incorrect as electrons are negatively charged. Choice B, Photon, is incorrect as photons are chargeless particles of light. Choice D, Neutrino, is incorrect as neutrinos are neutral particles with minimal mass and weak interactions with matter, not involved in mediating the strong nuclear force between protons and neutrons.

4. Which element's neutral atom has 2 electrons in the first shell and 6 electrons in the second shell of the electron cloud?

• A. Beryllium
• B. Carbon
• C. Helium
• D. Oxygen

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Oxygen. Oxygen has a total of 8 electrons, with 2 in the first shell and 6 in the second shell. This configuration matches the description provided in the question. Choice A, Beryllium, has 2 electrons in total, so it cannot have 2 in the first shell and 6 in the second. Choice B, Carbon, has 6 electrons in total, so it also does not match the given electron distribution. Choice C, Helium, has only 2 electrons in total and therefore does not fit the electron configuration described in the question.

5. What is the main function of the respiratory system?

• A. To absorb nutrients
• B. To exchange gases
• C. To transport oxygen
• D. To regulate blood pressure

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main function of the respiratory system is to exchange gases, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the body and the environment. Option A, 'To absorb nutrients,' is incorrect because the respiratory system is not involved in nutrient absorption. Option C, 'To transport oxygen,' is partially correct, but it doesn't encompass the complete role of gas exchange that includes both oxygen and carbon dioxide. Option D, 'To regulate blood pressure,' is incorrect as blood pressure regulation is primarily controlled by the cardiovascular system, not the respiratory system.

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