Nursing Elites

1. With which genotype would the recessive phenotype appear if the dominant allele is marked with 'A' and the recessive allele is marked with 'a'?

• A. AA
• B. aa
• C. Aa
• D. aA

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recessive phenotype appears when an individual has two copies of the recessive allele. In this case, the recessive allele is marked with 'a.' Therefore, the genotype 'aa' would display the recessive phenotype as both alleles are recessive. Choice A (AA) has two dominant alleles, choice C (Aa) has one dominant and one recessive allele, and choice D (aA) represents the same genotype as Aa due to the principle of allele dominance.

2. Which of the following is an example of a zoonotic disease?

• A. The common cold
• B. Influenza (the flu)
• C. Malaria
• D. HIV/AIDS

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A zoonotic disease is a disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Influenza is an example of a zoonotic disease as it can be transmitted from animals such as birds and pigs to humans. The common cold (option A) is caused by human rhinoviruses and is not considered a zoonotic disease. Malaria (option C) is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes and is not considered a zoonotic disease. HIV/AIDS (option D) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus and is not considered a zoonotic disease.

3. What is the term for a hydrocarbon chain with no double or triple bonds between carbon atoms?

• A. Saturated
• B. Unsaturated
• C. Aromatic
• D. Alkene

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A saturated hydrocarbon chain contains only single bonds between carbon atoms, making it 'saturated' with hydrogen atoms. Therefore, the correct answer is choice A, 'Saturated.' Choice B, 'Unsaturated,' is incorrect because it refers to hydrocarbon chains with double or triple bonds. Choice C, 'Aromatic,' is not the correct term for a hydrocarbon chain without double or triple bonds; it describes a specific type of cyclic and conjugated hydrocarbon structure. Choice D, 'Alkene,' is also incorrect as it specifically indicates a hydrocarbon chain with at least one double bond between carbon atoms.

4. Which property of a substance resists a change in its shape?

• A. Density
• B. Mass
• C. Inertia
• D. Elasticity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Elasticity refers to a material's ability to resist deformation and return to its original shape after stress is applied. It is the property that resists a change in shape. Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. Viscosity, not mentioned in the question, is the resistance of a fluid to flow, not shape change.

5. What is the scientific term for the monthly cycle in females that prepares the body for potential pregnancy?

• A. Ovulation cycle
• B. Menstrual cycle
• C. Implantation cycle
• D. Gestation cycle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Menstrual cycle. The menstrual cycle is the scientific term for the monthly cycle in females that prepares the body for potential pregnancy. This cycle involves various phases, including the release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation), thickening of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilized egg, and shedding of the uterine lining if pregnancy does not occur (menstruation). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Option A, Ovulation cycle, only refers to the specific phase of egg release from the ovary. Option C, Implantation cycle, pertains to the process of the fertilized egg attaching to the uterine wall. Option D, Gestation cycle, denotes the period of fetal development during pregnancy, which is distinct from the monthly cycle preparing the body for potential pregnancy.

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