which of the following best describes one of the roles of rna
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ATI TEAS 7

ATI TEAS 7 Science Practice Test

1. Which of the following best describes one of the roles of RNA?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. RNA serves as a messenger that carries instructions from DNA for protein synthesis. It does not manufacture proteins directly from DNA (choice A), create bonds within DNA (choice B), or form the double helix structure of DNA (choice D). Therefore, the primary role of RNA is to convey information about the correct sequence of proteins to be synthesized based on the DNA sequences it receives.

2. Which molecules are soluble in nonpolar solvents but are hydrophobic?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Lipids are hydrophobic molecules that are soluble in nonpolar solvents like oils but insoluble in water. They consist of fats, oils, waxes, and steroids and play essential roles in energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure. Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are not typically soluble in nonpolar solvents and do not exhibit the same hydrophobic characteristics as lipids. Carbohydrates are usually hydrophilic and soluble in water, proteins have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions but are not generally soluble in nonpolar solvents, and nucleic acids are polar molecules that are not known for their solubility in nonpolar solvents.

3. What is the scientific term for the monthly cycle in females that prepares the body for potential pregnancy?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Menstrual cycle. The menstrual cycle is the scientific term for the monthly cycle in females that prepares the body for potential pregnancy. This cycle involves various phases, including the release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation), thickening of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilized egg, and shedding of the uterine lining if pregnancy does not occur (menstruation). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Option A, Ovulation cycle, only refers to the specific phase of egg release from the ovary. Option C, Implantation cycle, pertains to the process of the fertilized egg attaching to the uterine wall. Option D, Gestation cycle, denotes the period of fetal development during pregnancy, which is distinct from the monthly cycle preparing the body for potential pregnancy.

4. What are the two main types of nuclear decay, and what differentiates them?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The two main types of nuclear decay are alpha and beta decay, which are differentiated based on the emitted particle. In alpha decay, an alpha particle (consisting of two protons and two neutrons) is emitted from the nucleus, while in beta decay, a beta particle (either an electron or a positron) is emitted. These decay types are distinguished by the particles they emit, not by the size of the nucleus, trigger, or stability of the nucleus. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because fission, fusion, spontaneous, induced, isotope decay, and chain reactions are different processes in nuclear physics and do not represent the two main types of nuclear decay based on emitted particles.

5. In meiosis, how many divisions occur, and how many daughter cells are produced?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In meiosis, there are two divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate, resulting in two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. In meiosis II, sister chromatids separate, resulting in a total of four daughter cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes. Therefore, meiosis involves two divisions and produces four daughter cells. Choice A is incorrect because meiosis involves two divisions, not one. Choice C and D are incorrect as meiosis does not go through four or eight divisions, resulting in eight or sixteen daughter cells.

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