Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of the digestive system?

• A. To break down food into nutrients
• B. To absorb oxygen
• C. To produce energy
• D. To regulate body temperature

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'To break down food into nutrients.' The primary function of the digestive system is to break down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body for energy, growth, and repair. The digestive system is not responsible for absorbing oxygen (Choice B), as that is the role of the respiratory system. While the digestion process does release energy from nutrients, the primary function is not to produce energy (Choice C), but rather to extract nutrients for energy production. Regulating body temperature (Choice D) is primarily handled by the thermoregulatory mechanisms in the body, such as the skin and sweat glands, not the digestive system.

2. Which type of tissue protects the respiratory system's trachea?

• A. Bone
• B. Cartilage
• C. Collagen
• D. Keratin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cartilage is the correct answer as it provides flexible support and protection in the trachea. Cartilage is specifically designed to maintain the trachea's shape and prevent it from collapsing during breathing. Bone is a rigid tissue, not found in the trachea, and would not provide the necessary flexibility for breathing. Collagen is a structural protein but does not offer the same support and flexibility as cartilage in this context. Keratin is a protein that forms structures like hair and nails, and it is not present in the trachea to provide protection.

3. Which of the following scenarios represents an example of static friction?

• A. Sliding a heavy box across the floor
• B. A car moving around a curve
• C. Pushing a stationary object
• D. Braking a car to stop

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Static friction occurs when two surfaces are in contact but not moving relative to each other. Pushing a stationary object involves static friction as you apply a force to overcome the friction keeping the object stationary. Choices A, B, and D involve kinetic friction, which occurs when two surfaces are moving relative to each other. Option A involves moving the box across the floor, which is an example of kinetic friction. Option B involves the movement of a car around a curve, which also relates to kinetic friction due to the relative movement between the tires and the road. Option D describes braking a car to stop, where the moving car's wheels interact with the road, creating kinetic friction to slow down and stop the car.

4. What force causes an object to move in a circular path?

• A. Tension force
• B. Frictional force
• C. Centripetal force
• D. Gravitational force

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The centripetal force is the force responsible for keeping an object moving in a circular path. It is directed towards the center of the circle, providing the necessary inward acceleration to maintain the object's curved trajectory. Without this force, the object would move in a straight line tangent to the circle. Tension force, frictional force, and gravitational force are not the forces that cause an object to move in a circular path. Tension force is typically present in a string or rope and acts along the length of the material. Frictional force opposes the motion of an object relative to a surface, and gravitational force is the force of attraction between two masses.

5. Which of the following compounds often contains a carboxyl group?

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Glycolipids
• C. Amino Acids
• D. DNA

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Amino Acids. Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, contain both an amine group and a carboxyl group. The carboxyl group (-COOH) is crucial for the structure and function of proteins as it participates in peptide bond formation. Carbohydrates and DNA do not typically contain carboxyl groups as a functional group. Glycolipids consist of a carbohydrate chain linked to a lipid, but they do not inherently contain a carboxyl group.

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