Nursing Elites

1. What does the following sentence most nearly mean? 'The preparatory instars of such insects are aquatic; the adult instar is aerial.'

• A. The volume of water is necessary for preparing the insect for transition rather than the volume of the air.
• B. The insect's body is shaped like a star in both water and air.
• C. The stage of preparation between molting occurs in water, while the final stage happens in the air.
• D. These insects first breathe in water through gills and then continue to use the same organs to breathe in the air.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The sentence indicates that the insects undergo different stages of development, with the preparatory instars being aquatic and the adult instar being aerial. This highlights the adaptability of these insects to different environments. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on the volume of water and air rather than the stages of development in different environments. Choice B is unrelated to the content of the sentence and does not capture the meaning accurately. Choice D is incorrect as it specifically mentions breathing through gills, which is not explicitly stated in the sentence. Therefore, choice C is the best interpretation of the sentence.

2. Which statement best details the central idea in this passage?

• A. It discusses insects that transition from water to air during their life cycle.
• B. It explores the field of entomology, particularly focusing on gills.
• C. It explains the mechanism of insects' respiration.
• D. It encourages readers to contribute to insect conservation efforts.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the passage primarily discusses certain insects that spend time in water during their early stages and then transition to an aerial life when they reach adulthood. It highlights how these insects, such as Stoneflies, May-flies, and Dragon-flies, live in water initially and then in the air during their adult stage. This central idea is best captured by choice A. <br> Choice B is incorrect because while the passage mentions gills as a part of the respiratory system of aquatic insects, it does not delve into entomology as a field. Choice C is incorrect as it does not solely focus on defining insect respiration but rather on the transition of certain insects between aquatic and aerial environments. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not explicitly invite readers to participate in insect preservation efforts; it mainly focuses on describing the life cycle of specific insects.

3. What does the word 'principal' refer to in the following text?

• A. Primary or chief
• B. An acolyte
• C. An individual who provides nurturing
• D. One in a subordinate position

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In this context, the word 'principal' refers to the primary or chief role that Reldresal holds as the principal secretary for private affairs. This term signifies his significant position and authority within the hierarchy. The other choices are incorrect because 'principal' does not mean 'an acolyte' (a follower or assistant), 'an individual who provides nurturing,' or 'one in a subordinate position.'

4. How does the author distinguish between different groups of insects mentioned in the passage?

• A. By describing the specific characteristics and adaptations of each insect group.
• B. By grouping them based on their habitat into aquatic and aerial categories.
• C. By explaining the stages of development each insect undergoes.
• D. By identifying their habitats and the environments they are adapted to.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The author distinguishes between different groups of insects based on their habitat, categorizing them into aquatic and aerial categories. The passage mentions how some insects spend time under water while others live in the air, emphasizing the distinction between aquatic and aerial habitats. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the passage does not focus on describing the specific characteristics, adaptations, stages of development, or environments of the insects, but rather on their habitat and lifestyle.

5. Why are italics used in the sentence, 'Although Ben said he supported his coworkers, his actions suggested he did not condone their behavior'?

• A. to show a word is intentionally misspelled
• B. to indicate a word in a foreign language
• C. to emphasize a contrast
• D. to reference a footnote

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Italics are often used in writing to draw attention to specific words or phrases, especially in cases where there is a contrast or emphasis intended. In this sentence, the use of italics on 'supported' and 'condone' helps highlight the contradiction between Ben's words and actions, emphasizing the contrast between what he said and what he actually did. Choice A is incorrect because italics are not used to indicate intentional misspellings in this context. Choice B is incorrect as italics are not used to indicate foreign words in this sentence. Choice D is incorrect as there is no mention of footnotes in the sentence.

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