HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI Practice Questions
1. In an adolescent suspected of having type 1 diabetes mellitus, which clinical manifestation may be present?
- A. moist skin
- B. weight gain
- C. fluid overload
- D. poor wound healing
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Poor wound healing is a common clinical manifestation of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Elevated blood glucose levels in diabetes can lead to impaired wound healing by affecting various cellular processes involved in the healing cascade. Moist skin (Choice A) is not typically associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Weight gain (Choice B) is more commonly seen in type 2 diabetes due to insulin resistance. Fluid overload (Choice C) is not a typical clinical manifestation of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the correct answer is poor wound healing.
2. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected rheumatic fever. What clinical manifestation is the nurse likely to observe?
- A. Jaundice
- B. Peeling skin on the hands and feet
- C. High fever
- D. Severe joint pain
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, severe joint pain. Rheumatic fever commonly presents with severe joint pain due to joint inflammation. Jaundice (choice A) is not typically associated with rheumatic fever. Peeling skin on the hands and feet (choice B) is more indicative of conditions like Kawasaki disease. While a high fever (choice C) can be present, it is not as specific to rheumatic fever as severe joint pain. Severe joint pain, along with other criteria like carditis, subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum, and Sydenham chorea, are major criteria used in the diagnosis of rheumatic fever.
3. A 4-year-old child is scheduled for a myringotomy. What should the nurse include in the preoperative teaching?
- A. Explain the procedure in simple terms
- B. Encourage fluid intake
- C. Allow the child to play with medical equipment
- D. Use play therapy to prepare the child
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Explaining the procedure in simple terms is essential preoperative teaching for a 4-year-old child scheduled for a myringotomy. This approach helps the child understand what will happen during the procedure, reducing anxiety and fear. Encouraging fluid intake is a good general health practice but not directly related to preoperative teaching for this procedure. Allowing the child to play with medical equipment may not be safe or appropriate as it can lead to misunderstanding or fear. Using play therapy can be beneficial but explaining the procedure in simple terms is more direct and effective for preoperative teaching in this case.
4. What is the priority nursing responsibility when a 3-year-old child in a crib has a clamped jaw and is having a tonic-clonic seizure?
- A. Apply restraints.
- B. Administer oxygen.
- C. Protect the child from self-injury.
- D. Insert a plastic airway in the child’s mouth.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During a tonic-clonic seizure, the priority nursing responsibility is to protect the child from self-injury. Applying restraints is not recommended during a seizure as it can lead to further harm. Administering oxygen may be necessary after the seizure to support oxygenation, but it is not the priority during the seizure itself. Inserting a plastic airway is also not indicated as the jaw is clamped, and the child should not have anything placed in the mouth during a seizure. Therefore, the correct action is to ensure the child's safety by protecting them from self-injury, preventing harm from uncontrolled movements and potential falls.
5. A nurse is caring for an infant with phenylketonuria (PKU). What diet should the nurse anticipate will be ordered by the health care provider?
- A. Fat-free
- B. Protein-enriched
- C. Phenylalanine-free
- D. Low-phenylalanine
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A low-phenylalanine diet is required for infants with PKU to prevent the buildup of phenylalanine, which can lead to brain damage.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
HESI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access
HESI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access