Nursing Elites

1. Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?

• A. Cerebellum
• B. Cerebrum
• C. Hypothalamus
• D. Thalamus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the cerebellum. It plays a vital role in balance and coordination by controlling motor functions, precision, and timing of movements. The cerebrum is primarily involved in higher brain functions such as thinking and problem-solving. The hypothalamus regulates essential bodily functions like temperature and hunger, while the thalamus serves as a relay station for sensory information, directing it to the appropriate areas of the brain for processing.

2. Which type of muscle is characterized by voluntary control and is responsible for body movement?

• A. Cardiac muscle
• B. Smooth muscle
• C. Skeletal muscle
• D. Connective tissue

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle is characterized by voluntary control, meaning it is under conscious control. It is responsible for body movement, such as walking, running, and lifting objects. Cardiac muscle is involuntary and found in the heart, while smooth muscle is also involuntary and found in organs like the intestines. Connective tissue is not a type of muscle but rather a type of tissue that provides support and structure in the body.

3. Which part of the eye controls the amount of light that enters the eye?

• A. Cornea
• B. Iris
• C. Retina
• D. Lens

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The iris is the correct answer as it controls the amount of light that enters the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil. The cornea is responsible for focusing light onto the retina, the retina detects light at the back of the eye, and the lens helps in further focusing light onto the retina. The iris, through changing the size of the pupil, regulates the amount of light reaching the eye, making it the part that controls the entry of light.

4. What happens to the acceleration of an object when the force acting on it is increased, assuming the mass remains constant?

• A. Acceleration increases
• B. Acceleration decreases
• C. Acceleration remains constant
• D. Acceleration becomes zero

Correct answer: A

Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, acceleration is directly proportional to the force acting on an object when the mass is constant. Therefore, if the force acting on an object is increased while the mass remains constant, the acceleration of the object will also increase. This relationship is described by the formula F = ma, where F is the force applied, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration. When force increases, acceleration increases, and vice versa, as long as the mass stays the same. Choice B (Acceleration decreases) is incorrect because acceleration and force have a direct relationship. Choice C (Acceleration remains constant) is incorrect because acceleration changes in response to changes in force. Choice D (Acceleration becomes zero) is incorrect because increasing force does not make acceleration zero; it actually increases it.

5. Which type of tissue protects the respiratory system's trachea?

• A. Bone
• B. Cartilage
• C. Collagen
• D. Keratin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cartilage is the correct answer as it provides flexible support and protection in the trachea. Cartilage is specifically designed to maintain the trachea's shape and prevent it from collapsing during breathing. Bone is a rigid tissue, not found in the trachea, and would not provide the necessary flexibility for breathing. Collagen is a structural protein but does not offer the same support and flexibility as cartilage in this context. Keratin is a protein that forms structures like hair and nails, and it is not present in the trachea to provide protection.

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