Nursing Elites

1. In a municipality with a population of about 20,000, estimate the number of 1-4 year old children who should be given Retinol capsules 200,000 every 6 months.

• A. 1,500
• B. 1,800
• C. 2,000
• D. 2,300

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To estimate the number of 1-4 year old children in a population, you can multiply the total population by the percentage of children in that age group. In this case, using the Philippine population composition as reference, which is about 11.5% for 1-4 year olds, the calculation would be 20,000 x 0.115 = 2,300 children.

2. Which vaccine is typically administered to newborns within the first 24 hours of birth?

• A. Hepatitis B
• B. BCG
• C. OPV
• D. Measles

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Hepatitis B. The Hepatitis B vaccine is usually administered to newborns within the first 24 hours of birth to provide protection against Hepatitis B infection. This early vaccination helps prevent transmission of the virus from infected mothers to their babies during childbirth, reducing the risk of chronic liver disease and liver cancer later in life.

3. What is the best reason for administering vitamin A to a postpartum client?

• A. To help strengthen her immune system
• B. To improve her vision
• C. To protect her from infection
• D. To promote wound healing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Vitamin A is crucial for maintaining the integrity of epithelial tissues, which are the body's first line of defense against pathogens. By supporting the immune system, vitamin A helps protect the postpartum client from infections and promotes overall health.

4. What is a key objective of the Global Immunization Vision and Strategy (GIVS)?

• A. Eliminating non-communicable diseases
• B. Improving access to high-quality immunization services
• C. Reducing the cost of healthcare
• D. Increasing the number of healthcare professionals

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Global Immunization Vision and Strategy (GIVS) aims to improve access to high-quality immunization services globally. This objective focuses on enhancing the availability and quality of immunization services to ensure that more individuals have access to vaccines to prevent diseases.

5. Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for breastfeeding?

• A. Maternal HIV infection
• B. Maternal diabetes
• C. Maternal anemia
• D. Maternal hypertension

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Maternal HIV infection is a contraindication for breastfeeding because it poses a risk of transmission to the infant. HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, putting the baby at risk of acquiring the infection. Therefore, it is recommended that mothers with HIV do not breastfeed to prevent the transmission of the virus to their infants.

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