magna carta of public health workers aims to

HESI LPN

Community Health HESI Questions

1. What is the aim of the Magna Carta of Public Health Workers?

A. Develop skills and capabilities of health workers to deliver health projects/programs
B. All of these
C. Encourage those with proper qualifications to remain in government service
D. Promote social and economic well-being of health workers

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - 'All of these.' The Magna Carta of Public Health Workers aims to achieve multiple objectives, including developing the skills and capabilities of health workers to deliver health projects/programs, encouraging those with proper qualifications to remain in government service, and promoting the social and economic well-being of health workers. Choice A, C, and D are all part of the comprehensive goals outlined in the Magna Carta for Public Health Workers.

2. A community health action that focuses on reducing the frequency and severity of asthma in inner-city children by requiring a local incinerator to install particulate filters is an example of:

A. downstream intervention
B. risk management
C. primary prevention
D. upstream intervention

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: upstream intervention. Upstream thinking addresses the root causes of health problems to create long-term solutions. In this scenario, requiring the incinerator to install particulate filters tackles the root cause of asthma triggers, which is pollution, rather than just managing the symptoms or risks associated with asthma. Choice A, downstream intervention, would focus more on treating asthma symptoms after they have already occurred rather than preventing them. Choice B, risk management, typically involves strategies to assess, control, or mitigate risks, which may not directly address the root cause. Choice C, primary prevention, usually refers to actions taken to prevent a disease or condition before it occurs, but in this case, the action is targeting the underlying cause rather than preventing asthma itself.

3. The nurse is assigned to a newly delivered woman with HIV/AIDS. The student asks the nurse about how it is determined that a person has AIDS other than a positive HIV test. The nurse responds:

A. The complaints of at least 3 common findings.
B. The absence of any opportunistic infection.
C. CD4 lymphocyte count is less than 200.
D. Developmental delays in children.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. A CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm³ is a diagnostic criterion for AIDS. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is vague and does not reflect the diagnostic criteria for AIDS. Choice B is not accurate, as the presence of opportunistic infections, not their absence, is indicative of AIDS. Choice D is unrelated to the diagnosis of AIDS in adults.

4. In a long term rehabilitation care unit a client with spinal cord injury complains of a pounding headache. The client is sitting in a wheelchair watching television in the assigned room. Further assessment by the nurse reveals excessive sweating, a splotchy rash, pilomotor erection, facial flushing, congested nasal passages and a heart rate of 50. The nurse should do which action next?

A. Take the client's respirations, blood pressure (BP), temperature and then pupillary responses
B. Place the client into the bed and administer the ordered PRN analgesic
C. Check the client for bladder distention and the client's urinary catheter for kinks
D. Turn the television off and then assist client to use relaxation techniques

Correct answer: C

Rationale: These symptoms suggest autonomic dysreflexia, often triggered by bladder distention.

5. The nurse is working in a community health clinic that serves a diverse population. Which of the following actions best demonstrates cultural competence?

A. Learning about the cultural practices of the clinic's client population
B. Providing translation services for non-English speaking clients
C. Treating all clients the same regardless of their background
D. Encouraging clients to adopt mainstream health practices

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Learning about the cultural practices of the clinic's client population is the best way to demonstrate cultural competence. This action shows respect for the diverse backgrounds of the clients and helps in providing care that is sensitive to their cultural beliefs and practices. Providing translation services (Choice B) is important for effective communication but may not address the deeper aspects of cultural competence. Treating all clients the same (Choice C) may overlook the unique needs that arise from cultural differences. Encouraging clients to adopt mainstream health practices (Choice D) may not be appropriate or respectful of their cultural traditions and preferences.