Nursing Elites

1. Knowing that malnutrition is a common community health issue, you decided to conduct a nutritional assessment. What population is particularly vulnerable to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)?

• A. Pregnant women and the elderly
• B. Under 5-year-old children
• C. 1-4-year-old children
• D. School-age children

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Under 5-year-old children are particularly susceptible to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) because they have generally been weaned and often rely on others for food. This population may suffer from poor intrafamilial food distribution, contributing to their vulnerability.

2. When the occupational health nurse employs ergonomic principles, they are performing which of their roles?

• A. Health care provider
• B. Health educator
• C. Health care coordinator
• D. Environment manager

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When an occupational health nurse applies ergonomic principles, they are acting as an environment manager. Ergonomics involves optimizing the work environment for efficiency and safety by considering factors like workplace design, equipment, and furniture to enhance worker well-being and productivity. By focusing on ergonomics, the nurse aims to create a workspace that minimizes physical strain, reduces the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, and promotes overall health and comfort for the employees.

3. What is the main focus of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Health For All strategy?

• A. Providing free healthcare to all individuals
• B. Achieving a level of health that enables all people to lead economically productive lives
• C. Building more hospitals and clinics
• D. Increasing the number of healthcare workers

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The WHO's Health For All strategy focuses on achieving a level of health that allows individuals to lead socially and economically productive lives, emphasizing overall well-being beyond just physical health. This approach aims for a holistic improvement in health outcomes rather than just providing free healthcare or focusing solely on increasing healthcare infrastructure or workforce.

4. Which of the following is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?

• A. Low cholesterol levels
• B. Physical inactivity
• C. Low blood pressure
• D. Adequate sleep

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases as it contributes to a sedentary lifestyle, leading to obesity, high blood pressure, and other cardiovascular issues. Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy heart and reduces the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

5. You are in a client’s home to attend to a delivery. Which of the following will you do first?

• A. Set up a sterile area
• B. Put on a clean gown and apron
• C. Cleanse the client’s vulva with soap and water
• D. Note the interval, duration and intensity of labor and contractions

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Assessment of the woman should be done first to determine whether she is having true labor and, if so, what stage of labor she is in.

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