Nursing Elites

1. In 1996, there were 15 cases of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Barangay B, while Barangay C had 20 cases. The total number of children who have ARI is:

• A. higher in Barangay C than in Barangay B
• B. not comparable in Barangay B and C
• C. higher in Barangay B than in Barangay C
• D. data given is insufficient

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'higher in Barangay C than in Barangay B.' This is because Barangay C had more cases of ARI (20) compared to Barangay B (15). Therefore, the total number of children who have ARI is higher in Barangay C. Choices B and C are incorrect because the data clearly shows that Barangay C had more cases than Barangay B. Choice D is also incorrect as there is sufficient data provided to compare the number of ARI cases between the two barangays.

2. The nurse is caring for a child who has just returned from surgery following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

• A. Offer ice chips every 2 hours
• B. Place the child in a semi-Fowler's position
• C. Encourage the child to drink from a cup
• D. Observe swallowing patterns

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Observing swallowing patterns is crucial post-tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy to detect signs of bleeding. Offering ice chips instead of ice cream helps prevent throat irritation. Placing the child in a semi-Fowler's position promotes airway patency and reduces the risk of aspiration. Encouraging the child to drink from a cup instead of a straw minimizes the risk of dislodging the surgical site.

3. A female adult walks into a local community health clinic and tells the nurse that she is homeless and cannot seem to find help. Which statement indicates to the nurse that a client is feeling separated from society and helpless?

• A. "I'm feeling really isolated from everyone and scared."
• B. "I feel like I cannot get enough food to live any longer."
• C. "I know that I will always be poor so what's the use of trying?"
• D. "People like me are never respected, no matter how well we do."

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The statement "I'm feeling really isolated from everyone and scared" indicates a sense of separation from society and helplessness. This choice reflects feelings of loneliness and fear, which are common among individuals who feel disconnected and helpless. Choices B, C, and D do not directly convey a sense of isolation and helplessness. Choice B focuses on food insecurity, choice C on a resigned attitude towards poverty, and choice D on lack of respect, none of which directly address the feelings of being separated from society and helpless as indicated in the scenario.

4. Which topic should be included in planning a secondary prevention project for the local retirement community?

• A. Safety measures in the home.
• B. Adult immunization program.
• C. Rehabilitation after surgery.
• D. Vision and hearing screening.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In planning a secondary prevention project for the local retirement community, vision and hearing screening should be included. This is crucial as sensory impairments are common among older adults and early detection through screening can help in preventing further complications. Safety measures in the home, adult immunization programs, and rehabilitation after surgery are important but fall more under primary or tertiary prevention strategies rather than secondary prevention, which focuses on early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of health conditions.

5. Which of the following statements is correct regarding community health nursing?

• A. Evaluation of the health status of individuals and families should be done in consultation with them.
• B. The public health nurse (PHN) who works with communication for 6 can solely determine the needs of the community.
• C. Provision of PHN care is not in any way affected by policies of the agency where the nurse works.
• D. Professional growth and development of the PHN is the responsibility of the Department of Health (DOH).

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct statement is that evaluation of the health status of individuals and families should be done in consultation with them. This approach ensures that the assessment is accurate and takes into account the perspectives and concerns of the individuals and families involved. Choice B is incorrect because determining the needs of the community should involve input from various stakeholders, not solely the PHN. Choice C is incorrect as the provision of PHN care can be influenced by the policies of the agency or organization where the nurse works. Choice D is also incorrect as while the DOH may play a role in setting standards, the professional growth and development of a PHN is typically a personal and professional responsibility.

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