Nursing Elites

1. How should a healthcare provider respond to a parent concerned about their child's frequent ear infections?

• A. Recommend over-the-counter ear drops
• B. Suggest an ENT specialist evaluation
• C. Advise on increasing fluid intake
• D. Encourage more physical exercise

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a parent expresses concerns about their child's frequent ear infections, suggesting an ENT specialist evaluation is the most appropriate response. This specialist can conduct a thorough examination to identify the underlying cause of the recurrent infections and recommend the most suitable treatment. Recommending over-the-counter ear drops (Choice A) may not address the root cause of the issue and could potentially lead to inappropriate treatment. Advising on increasing fluid intake (Choice C) and encouraging more physical exercise (Choice D) are unrelated to addressing the specific concern of frequent ear infections.

2. How should a healthcare professional address the concerns of parents about their child’s developmental delay?

• A. Recommend immediate diagnostic testing
• B. Suggest waiting for natural development
• C. Provide information about early intervention services
• D. Advise on increasing physical activity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When addressing concerns about a child's developmental delay, providing information about early intervention services is crucial as it can facilitate timely support and resources. This option helps parents understand the available support systems and interventions for their child. Recommending immediate diagnostic testing may cause unnecessary anxiety without first exploring other supportive options. Suggesting waiting for natural development could result in missed opportunities for early intervention that are crucial for improving developmental outcomes. Advising on increasing physical activity is not directly related to addressing developmental delays and does not address the core issue of developmental delay.

3. Gram for gram, which class of nutrient provides the most energy?

• A. fats
• B. alcohols
• C. proteins
• D. carbohydrates

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is fats. Fats provide 9 kilocalories per gram, which is more energy-dense compared to proteins and carbohydrates. While proteins and carbohydrates provide 4 kilocalories per gram, fats provide more than twice the energy, making them the most energy-providing nutrient. Alcohols are not considered essential nutrients and do not provide energy for the body, unlike fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Therefore, fats are the correct answer for the most energy-providing nutrient.

4. Why must a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis be kept NPO?

• A. The epinephrine administration may cause nausea and vomiting
• B. The child is being hydrated with IV fluids
• C. The child may not feel hungry
• D. Rapid respirations pose a risk for aspiration

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In acute laryngotracheobronchitis, rapid respirations increase the risk of aspiration due to compromised airway protection and potential for secretions to enter the lungs. Keeping the child NPO helps prevent the risk of aspiration pneumonia. Choice A is incorrect because epinephrine is not typically used for laryngotracheobronchitis. Choice B is incorrect as hydration with IV fluids does not eliminate the risk of aspiration. Choice C is also incorrect because the child being hungry is not the primary reason for keeping them NPO in this condition.

5. What is a common symptom of a vitamin D deficiency in children?

• A. Frequent infections
• B. Bone pain and tenderness
• C. Excessive thirst
• D. Unexplained bruising

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bone pain and tenderness are indeed common symptoms of vitamin D deficiency in children. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone health and growth. The deficiency can lead to weakened bones, causing pain and tenderness. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Frequent infections are not a typical symptom of vitamin D deficiency in children; excessive thirst is more commonly associated with conditions like diabetes, and unexplained bruising is not directly linked to vitamin D deficiency.

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