Nursing Elites

1. Diabetes has become a major health problem. How can healthcare professionals contribute to reducing the incidence of diabetes?

• A. Conducting extensive diabetes patient screenings
• B. Supporting the implementation of Republic Act 8191-National Diabetes Act
• C. Creating support groups for diabetes patients
• D. Raising community awareness about diabetes prevention

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Raising community awareness about diabetes prevention is an effective way to reduce the incidence of diabetes. By educating the public about healthy lifestyle choices, risk factors, and preventive measures, healthcare professionals can empower individuals to make informed decisions regarding their health. Choice A is not as proactive as raising awareness in the community. While screening is important, prevention through awareness can have a broader impact. Choice B is specific to a particular act and may not apply universally. Choice C, establishing support groups, is beneficial for those already affected by diabetes but may not directly reduce the incidence of the disease.

2. A community health action that focuses on reducing the frequency and severity of asthma in inner-city children by requiring a local incinerator to install particulate filters is an example of:

• A. downstream intervention
• B. risk management
• C. primary prevention
• D. upstream intervention

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: upstream intervention. Upstream thinking addresses the root causes of health problems to create long-term solutions. In this scenario, requiring the incinerator to install particulate filters tackles the root cause of asthma triggers, which is pollution, rather than just managing the symptoms or risks associated with asthma. Choice A, downstream intervention, would focus more on treating asthma symptoms after they have already occurred rather than preventing them. Choice B, risk management, typically involves strategies to assess, control, or mitigate risks, which may not directly address the root cause. Choice C, primary prevention, usually refers to actions taken to prevent a disease or condition before it occurs, but in this case, the action is targeting the underlying cause rather than preventing asthma itself.

3. A client with acute pancreatitis is experiencing severe abdominal pain. The nurse should implement which of the following interventions?

• A. Encourage oral intake
• B. Administer opioid analgesics
• C. Apply a heating pad to the abdomen
• D. Place the client in a supine position

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with acute pancreatitis experiencing severe abdominal pain is to administer opioid analgesics. Opioids are effective in managing the severe pain associated with acute pancreatitis. Encouraging oral intake may exacerbate the symptoms and is contraindicated due to the need for bowel rest. Applying a heating pad to the abdomen can worsen inflammation and should be avoided. Placing the client in a supine position may not provide relief and could potentially lead to increased discomfort.

4. Which one of the following statements, if made by the client, indicates teaching about Inderal (propranolol) has been effective?

• A. ''I may experience seizures if I stop the medication abruptly.''
• B. ''I may experience an increase in my heart rate for a few weeks.''
• C. ''I can expect to feel nervousness the first few weeks.''
• D. ''I can have a heart attack if I stop this medication suddenly.''

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Stopping Inderal (propranolol) abruptly can cause rebound hypertension, angina, and even a myocardial infarction (heart attack), so it is crucial to taper off the medication under medical supervision. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not reflect the serious consequences associated with abrupt discontinuation of propranolol.

5. Occupational health nursing is concerned with the following except:

• A. educating workers about health
• B. immediate diagnosis of illness prevailing in the work field
• C. appropriate and effective ways of promoting health
• D. planning of administering health services

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Occupational health nursing focuses on educating workers about health, promoting health through appropriate and effective ways, and planning and administering health services in the workplace. Immediate diagnosis of illness prevailing in the work field is typically not the primary role of occupational health nursing, as it usually involves prevention, education, and health promotion rather than diagnosing acute conditions.

Similar Questions