Nursing Elites

1. As the immediate supervisor of the Rural Health Midwives, the PHN prepares a supervisory plan. Which of the following would be the PHN's activity?

• A. performing needs assessment
• B. listing supervisory activities
• C. identifying the training needs
• D. formulating objectives for supervision

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: listing supervisory activities. When preparing a supervisory plan, the Public Health Nurse (PHN) needs to list the specific supervisory activities that need to be carried out. This helps in organizing and outlining the tasks that need to be accomplished to ensure effective supervision. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because although needs assessment, identifying training needs, and formulating objectives are important aspects of supervisory planning, they are not specifically related to the act of preparing a detailed list of supervisory activities.

2. Which finding would be the most characteristic of an acute episode of reactive airway disease?

• A. Auditory gurgling
• B. Inspiratory laryngeal stridor
• C. Auditory expiratory wheezing
• D. Frequent dry coughing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Auditory expiratory wheezing. Expiratory wheezing is a common sign of reactive airway disease, such as asthma, where airways are constricted, making it difficult to expel air from the lungs. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not typically associated with reactive airway disease. Auditory gurgling may suggest airway secretions or fluid accumulation, inspiratory laryngeal stridor indicates upper airway obstruction, and frequent dry coughing is more commonly seen in conditions like upper respiratory infections or postnasal drip.

3. When discussing hypothyroidism and treatment with the family of a newborn, the nurse should emphasize

• A. Expecting mental retardation in the child is likely
• B. Administering thyroid hormone can prevent problems
• C. This rare problem is always hereditary
• D. Physical growth/development will be delayed

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Administering thyroid hormone to a newborn diagnosed with hypothyroidism can prevent developmental delays and mental retardation. This treatment is crucial to ensure optimal growth and development. Choice A is incorrect because with prompt treatment, mental retardation can be prevented. Choice C is incorrect as hypothyroidism can also be acquired and not only hereditary. Choice D is incorrect as physical growth and development can be supported through timely administration of thyroid hormone.

4. Under the present system, which of the following is the local government unit responsible for?

• A. Operation and maintenance of health facilities
• B. All of these activities
• C. Implementation of health programs/projects
• D. Delivery of health services

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Under the present system, the local government unit is responsible for all the listed activities. This includes the operation and maintenance of health facilities, implementation of health programs/projects, and delivery of health services. Therefore, choice B, 'All of these activities,' is the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they are all responsibilities that fall under the local government unit's jurisdiction as well.

5. A young child is admitted for treatment of lead poisoning. The nurse recognizes that the most serious effect of chronic lead poisoning is

• A. Central nervous system damage
• B. Moderate anemia
• C. Renal tubule damage
• D. Growth impairment

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Chronic lead poisoning can lead to severe and irreversible damage to the central nervous system, including cognitive and developmental delays. Central nervous system damage is the most serious effect of chronic lead poisoning because it can have long-lasting consequences on a child's cognitive function and overall development. Moderate anemia (Choice B), renal tubule damage (Choice C), and growth impairment (Choice D) can also occur due to lead poisoning, but they are not as severe or potentially irreversible as the damage to the central nervous system.

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