Nursing Elites

1. As a community Health Nurse, you are a change agent. Which of the following roles must you play to succeed as a change agent?

• A. information provider
• B. information seeker
• C. motivator
• D. leader

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To succeed as a change agent, being an information seeker is crucial. While being an information provider, motivator, and leader are important roles, actively seeking information is fundamental to understanding the community's needs, concerns, and challenges before implementing effective changes. This active information seeking helps in making informed decisions and developing strategies that address the specific issues faced by the community. Therefore, the correct choice is B. Choices A, C, and D are also important roles but may not be as fundamental as actively seeking information.

2. A client with a peptic ulcer is scheduled for a vagotomy and pyloroplasty. The nurse explains that the purpose of this surgery is to:

• A. Increase acid secretion
• B. Reduce acid secretion
• C. Promote gastric emptying
• D. Remove the ulcerated area

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Reduce acid secretion." Vagotomy is performed to reduce acid secretion by cutting the vagus nerve, which stimulates acid production. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A vagotomy does not increase acid secretion, promote gastric emptying, or remove the ulcerated area. It specifically aims to decrease acid production to help in the healing of peptic ulcers.

3. The nurse is assigned to a newly delivered woman with HIV/AIDS. The student asks the nurse about how it is determined that a person has AIDS other than a positive HIV test. The nurse responds:

• A. The complaints of at least 3 common findings.
• B. The absence of any opportunistic infection.
• C. CD4 lymphocyte count is less than 200.
• D. Developmental delays in children.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. A CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm³ is a diagnostic criterion for AIDS. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is vague and does not reflect the diagnostic criteria for AIDS. Choice B is not accurate, as the presence of opportunistic infections, not their absence, is indicative of AIDS. Choice D is unrelated to the diagnosis of AIDS in adults.

4. In reviewing the assessment data of a client suspected of having diabetes insipidus, the nurse expects which of the following after a water deprivation test?

• A. Increased edema and weight gain
• B. Unchanged urine specific gravity
• C. Rapid protein excretion
• D. Decreased blood potassium

Correct answer: B

Rationale: After a water deprivation test in a client suspected of having diabetes insipidus, the nurse would expect the urine specific gravity to remain unchanged. This occurs because in diabetes insipidus, the kidneys are unable to concentrate urine, leading to a low urine specific gravity even after water deprivation. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increased edema and weight gain are not typical findings in diabetes insipidus. Rapid protein excretion is not directly related to the condition, and decreased blood potassium is not a common outcome of a water deprivation test for diabetes insipidus.

5. For Barangay Mabulaklak, you intend to conduct health education sessions for a group of mothers. Which of the following topics for discussion will be given least priority:

• A. proper selection and preparation of food
• B. handwashing before preparing food
• C. cutting children's fingernails short
• D. overcrowding and its effect

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D - 'overcrowding and its effect.' While overcrowding is an important topic, it will be given least priority compared to the other choices when conducting health education sessions for a group of mothers. Proper selection and preparation of food (Choice A) is crucial for ensuring adequate nutrition, handwashing before preparing food (Choice B) is essential for preventing foodborne illnesses, and cutting children's fingernails short (Choice C) is important for maintaining good hygiene. Overcrowding, although significant in the context of public health, might be considered less immediately relevant for a group of mothers in a health education session focused on more direct and practical aspects of family health and hygiene.

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