Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is reviewing the correct use of a fire extinguisher with a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse direct the client to take first?

• A. Remove the safety pin from the extinguisher.
• B. Aim the extinguisher at the base of the fire.
• C. Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent.
• D. Sweep the extinguisher from side to side.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct first step in using a fire extinguisher is to remove the safety pin. This action enables the extinguisher to be activated and used effectively. Choice B, aiming the extinguisher at the base of the fire, comes after removing the safety pin. Choice C, squeezing the handle to release the extinguishing agent, and choice D, sweeping the extinguisher from side to side, are subsequent steps in using a fire extinguisher and should follow removing the safety pin.

2. The nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection of insulin to a client with diabetes. What is the best site for the nurse to select for this injection?

• A. Ventrogluteal site
• B. Dorsogluteal site
• C. Deltoid site
• D. Abdomen

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Abdomen.' The abdomen is the best site for insulin injections as it provides a larger area with consistent absorption rates due to the high vascularity of the area. The subcutaneous tissue in the abdomen allows for a more predictable and consistent absorption of insulin compared to other sites. Ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal sites are not commonly used for insulin injections due to the risk of hitting the sciatic nerve or causing tissue damage. The deltoid site is more commonly used for intramuscular injections rather than subcutaneous injections like insulin.

3. A nurse is talking with caregivers of a 12-year-old child. Which of the following issues verbalized by the caregivers should the nurse identify as the priority?

• A. “We just don’t understand why our child can’t keep up with the other kids in simple activities like running and jumping.”
• B. “Our child keeps trying to find ways around our household rules. They always want to make deals with us.”
• C. “We think our child is trying too hard to excel in math just to get the top grades in the class.”
• D. “Our child likes to sing and worries it will make the other kids want to laugh.”

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Difficulty in keeping up with physical activities like running and jumping may indicate an underlying physical or developmental issue that requires prompt assessment. This could be related to musculoskeletal problems, coordination difficulties, or other health concerns that need further evaluation. Choices B, C, and D, while important, do not address a potential physical or developmental issue that could impact the child's overall well-being. Addressing the child's physical limitations should be the priority to ensure appropriate support and intervention.

4. The healthcare provider is reviewing the signed operative consent with a client who is admitted for the removal of a lipoma on the left leg. The client states that the permit should include...

• A. Notify the surgeon of the client’s concern
• B. Have the client sign a new surgical permit
• C. Add the client’s concern to the permit
• D. Inform the surgeon about the client’s concern

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the best course of action is to inform the surgeon about the client's concern. This action ensures that the surgeon is aware of the client's specific request or concern related to the procedure. By directly involving the surgeon, the client's preferences or needs can be addressed effectively, potentially avoiding any misunderstanding or dissatisfaction. Choice A has been corrected to 'Notify the surgeon of the client’s concern' as the operating room staff may not have the authority to make changes to the permit. Having the client sign a new surgical permit (Choice B) may not be necessary if the concern can be addressed by informing the surgeon, making Choice B less efficient. Adding the client’s concern to the permit (Choice C) without consulting the surgeon may not align with the standard procedure and could lead to confusion or legal issues if the surgeon is not aware of the client’s specific requests.

5. A healthcare professional is preparing to perform a sterile dressing change for a client. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional plan to take?

• A. Don sterile gloves after opening sterile dressing supplies
• B. Set up the sterile field at waist level
• C. Consider the entire border of the sterile field as contaminated
• D. Place the cap of a sterile solution inside the sterile field

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Setting up the sterile field at waist level is crucial to maintaining its sterility during a dressing change. Choice A is incorrect because sterile gloves should be worn after opening sterile dressing supplies to prevent contamination. Choice C is incorrect as the entire border of the sterile field should be considered contaminated to maintain sterility. Choice D is incorrect because the cap of a sterile solution should never be placed inside the sterile field to prevent contamination.

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