Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions with the parent of an infant who has rotavirus. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I will avoid feeding my baby for 12 hours
• B. I will apply diaper cream during each diaper change
• C. I will give my baby water between feedings
• D. I will apply warm compresses for my baby's comfort

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Applying diaper cream during each diaper change is important to prevent skin breakdown in infants with rotavirus. Rotavirus can cause diarrhea, which can lead to skin irritation. Avoiding feeding the baby for 12 hours (choice A) can lead to dehydration and is not appropriate. Giving water between feedings (choice C) can further contribute to dehydration. Applying warm compresses (choice D) may provide comfort but does not address the specific issue of preventing skin breakdown associated with rotavirus.

2. A charge nurse is discussing the responsibility of nurses caring for clients who have C. difficile. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Assign the client to a room with a negative air-flow system
• B. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer when leaving the client's room
• C. Clean contaminated surfaces in the client's room with a phenol solution
• D. Have family members wear a gown and gloves when visiting

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because having family members wear a gown and gloves when visiting clients with C. difficile is crucial to prevent the transmission of the infection. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because assigning the client to a room with a negative air-flow system, using alcohol-based hand sanitizer, and cleaning contaminated surfaces with a phenol solution are not specific measures for preventing the spread of C. difficile.

3. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has diabetes mellitus and is receiving insulin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

• A. Hemoglobin A1c of 6%
• B. Fasting blood glucose of 90 mg/dL
• C. Blood glucose of 200 mg/dL
• D. Blood glucose of 100 mg/dL

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia and should be reported for potential insulin adjustment.

4. A nurse is assisting with a presentation at a community center about personal disaster preparedness. Which of the following strategies should the nurse recommend for preparing a home disaster supply kit?

• A. Store enough water for 3 days
• B. Maintain communication with family
• C. Prepare only non-perishable food
• D. Prepare multiple escape routes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Store enough water for 3 days.' When preparing a home disaster supply kit, it is crucial to include enough water to last at least 3 days. This is because clean drinking water may not be readily available during a disaster situation. Choice B, 'Maintain communication with family,' is important for coordination but not directly related to preparing a supply kit. Choice C, 'Prepare only non-perishable food,' is also important but does not address the specific recommendation for water. Choice D, 'Prepare multiple escape routes,' is crucial for evacuation planning but does not pertain to the contents of a home disaster supply kit.

5. A client is experiencing difficulty voiding following the removal of an indwelling catheter. What action should the nurse take to assist the client?

• A. Assess for bladder distention after 4 hours
• B. Pour warm water over the perineum
• C. Restrict the client's oral fluid intake
• D. Restrict movement for at least 12 hours

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to assist the client who is experiencing difficulty voiding after the removal of an indwelling catheter is to pour warm water over the perineum. This technique can help stimulate urination by promoting relaxation of the perineal muscles and improving blood flow to the area. Assessing for bladder distention after 4 hours (Choice A) is important but not the immediate intervention needed to assist the client in voiding. Restricting the client's oral fluid intake (Choice C) can exacerbate the issue by reducing urine production. Restricting movement for at least 12 hours (Choice D) is unnecessary and may lead to discomfort and other complications.

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