Nursing Elites

1. During postoperative care for a child who has had a tonsillectomy, what is an important nursing intervention?

• A. Encouraging deep breathing exercises
• B. Encouraging the child to eat
• C. Administering antibiotics
• D. Applying ice to the throat

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Administering antibiotics is crucial post-tonsillectomy to prevent infection, as the surgical site is susceptible to bacterial growth. Encouraging deep breathing exercises can also be beneficial for lung expansion and preventing respiratory complications. However, administering antibiotics takes precedence as it directly addresses the risk of infection. Encouraging the child to eat may not be appropriate immediately post-tonsillectomy due to the risk of throat irritation and potential discomfort. Applying ice to the throat is typically not recommended after a tonsillectomy, as it may constrict blood vessels and hinder the healing process.

2. A child with a diagnosis of celiac disease is being discharged. What dietary instructions should the nurse provide?

• A. Avoid dairy products
• B. Avoid gluten
• C. Avoid high-fat foods
• D. Avoid foods high in sugar

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to 'Avoid gluten.' Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten consumption, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. By avoiding gluten-containing foods, individuals with celiac disease can prevent damage to their small intestine and manage their symptoms effectively. Choice A, 'Avoid dairy products,' is incorrect as dairy is not directly related to celiac disease. Choice C, 'Avoid high-fat foods,' and Choice D, 'Avoid foods high in sugar,' are incorrect as they are not primary dietary concerns in managing celiac disease. The main focus should be on eliminating gluten sources from the diet.

3. A child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is under the care of a nurse. What is the priority nursing intervention?

• A. Encouraging a diet high in protein
• B. Administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• C. Applying heat to affected joints
• D. Providing range-of-motion exercises

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to manage pain and inflammation. NSAIDs are commonly used in the treatment of JIA to help alleviate symptoms. While encouraging a diet high in protein, applying heat to affected joints, and providing range-of-motion exercises are essential components of care, addressing pain and inflammation with NSAIDs is the priority intervention. This is because controlling pain and inflammation is crucial in improving the child's comfort and quality of life, which takes precedence over other supportive measures.

4. A child with a diagnosis of asthma is being cared for by a nurse. What is an important nursing intervention?

• A. Administering bronchodilators
• B. Encouraging physical activity
• C. Monitoring oxygen saturation
• D. Providing nutritional support

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering bronchodilators is a crucial nursing intervention for a child with asthma because it helps to open the airways and ease breathing during an asthma attack. Bronchodilators are medications that work by relaxing the muscles around the airways, making it easier for the child to breathe. Encouraging physical activity may exacerbate asthma symptoms in some cases due to increased respiratory effort and exposure to triggers. Monitoring oxygen saturation is important but does not address the immediate need of opening the airways during an asthma episode. Providing nutritional support is essential for overall health but is not the primary intervention needed in managing an acute asthma exacerbation.

5. While teaching a parent how to prevent accidents while caring for a 6-month-old infant, what motor development ability should be emphasized?

• A. Sits up
• B. Rolls over
• C. Crawls short distances
• D. Stands while holding on to furniture

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rolls over. At 6 months, most infants can roll over, increasing the risk of falls. It is important to emphasize to the parent the need for careful supervision to prevent accidents. While choices A, C, and D are also milestones in infant motor development, rolling over at this age poses a higher risk of accidents due to the increased mobility and potential for falls.

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