Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is preparing to perform Leopold maneuvers for a client. Identify the sequence the nurse should follow.

• A. Palpate the fundus to identify the fetal part.
• B. Determine the location of the fetal back.
• C. Palpate for the fetal part presenting at the inlet.
• D. All of the Above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct sequence for the nurse to follow when performing Leopold maneuvers is as follows: first, palpate the client's fundus to identify the fetal part, second, determine the location of the fetal back, third, palpate for the fetal part presenting at the inlet, and finally, palpate the cephalic prominence to identify the attitude of the head. Therefore, option D, 'All of the Above,' is the correct answer as it includes all the steps in the correct sequence. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not represent the complete sequence required for performing Leopold maneuvers.

2. A healthcare professional is providing information to a group of clients who are pregnant about measures to relieve backache during pregnancy. Which of the following measures should the healthcare professional include? (Select all that apply)

• A. Avoid any lifting
• B. Perform Kegel exercises twice a day
• C. Perform the pelvic rock exercise every day
• D. Avoid standing for prolonged periods

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Performing the pelvic rock exercise daily can help relieve backache during pregnancy by strengthening the back and abdominal muscles, providing support to the spine. This exercise is beneficial in maintaining proper posture and reducing strain on the back. Avoiding standing for prolonged periods can also help alleviate backache by reducing pressure on the spine and supporting muscles. Kegel exercises primarily focus on strengthening the pelvic floor muscles and may not directly help with backache during pregnancy. Avoiding any lifting is overly restrictive and not necessary, as long as proper lifting techniques are followed.

3. A client at 8 weeks of gestation with iron deficiency anemia is prescribed iron supplements. Which beverage should the nurse reinforce the client to take the supplements with for better absorption?

• A. Ice water
• B. Low-fat or whole milk
• C. Tea or coffee
• D. Orange juice

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Orange juice.' Orange juice is recommended to be taken with iron supplements because vitamin C present in orange juice enhances iron absorption, improving the effectiveness of the supplement. It is essential to take iron supplements with a source of vitamin C to optimize iron absorption and address iron deficiency anemia. Ice water (Choice A), low-fat or whole milk (Choice B), and tea or coffee (Choice C) are not ideal choices to take with iron supplements as they do not contain vitamin C, which is crucial for enhancing iron absorption.

4. When reviewing postpartum nutrition needs with breastfeeding clients, which statement indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I am glad I can have my morning coffee.
• B. I should take folic acid to increase my milk supply.
• C. I will continue adding 330 calories per day to my diet.
• D. I will continue my calcium supplements because I don't like milk.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Clients who do not like milk should continue taking calcium supplements to ensure they meet their increased calcium needs while breastfeeding. Calcium is essential for bone health, and during breastfeeding, the mother's calcium requirements are higher. While caffeine in coffee can be consumed in moderation, folic acid does not directly impact milk supply, and the additional 330 calories per day are recommended but not the focus of this question.

5. A newborn who was born at 38 weeks of gestation, weighs 3,200 g, and is in the 60th percentile for weight should be classified as which of the following?

• A. Low birth weight
• B. Appropriate for gestational age
• C. Small for gestational age
• D. Large for gestational age

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The classification of a newborn as appropriate for gestational age is determined by considering the weight and gestational age. In this case, the newborn's weight falls within the normal range for the gestational age, indicating that the newborn is appropriately sized for the length of time spent in the womb. Choice A, 'Low birth weight,' is incorrect as the newborn's weight is within the normal range. Choice C, 'Small for gestational age,' is incorrect because the newborn's weight is not below the 10th percentile for gestational age. Choice D, 'Large for gestational age,' is incorrect as the newborn's weight is not above the 90th percentile, rather falling within the 60th percentile which is considered normal.

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