Nursing Elites

1. A client is demonstrating postoperative deep breathing and coughing exercises to a client who will have emergency surgery for appendicitis. Which of the following statements indicates a lack of readiness to learn by the client?

• A. The client reports severe pain
• B. The client asks for a demonstration
• C. The client inquires about potential complications
• D. The client agrees to the procedure

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because severe pain can hinder the client's ability to participate effectively in learning. Pain can be distracting and may prevent the client from focusing on acquiring new information or skills. Choice B is incorrect because asking for a demonstration shows an interest in learning and readiness to understand the exercises. Choice C is incorrect as inquiring about potential complications indicates the client's engagement in understanding the procedure and its outcomes, demonstrating readiness to learn. Choice D is incorrect as agreeing to the procedure does not necessarily reflect a lack of readiness to learn. The client may still be open to receiving information about postoperative care, indicating a level of readiness to learn despite agreeing to the surgery.

2. After a client's death in a long-term care facility, identify the correct sequence of steps for the nurse to perform.

• A. 1) Place a name tag on the body 2) Obtain the pronouncement of death from the provider 3) Remove tubes and indwelling lines 4) Wash the client's body 5) Ask the client's family members if they would like to view the body
• B. 2) Obtain the pronouncement of death from the provider 3) Remove tubes and indwelling lines 4) Wash the client's body 5) Ask the client's family members if they would like to view the body 1) Place a name tag on the body
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct sequence of steps for the nurse in a long-term care facility after a client's death is as follows: First, obtain the pronouncement of death from the provider. Second, remove tubes and indwelling lines before proceeding to wash the client's body. Third, ask the client's family members if they would like to view the body. Finally, place a name tag on the body. This order ensures that the necessary procedures are followed with respect and consideration for the deceased client and their family. Choice B is correct. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not follow the appropriate sequence of actions required in this situation.

3. A nurse at a provider’s office is discussing routine screenings with a 45-year-old female client who has no specific family history of cancer or diabetes mellitus. Which of the following client statements indicates that the client understands how to proceed?

• A. “So I don’t need the colon cancer screening for another 2 or 3 years.”
• B. “For now, I should continue to have a mammogram each year.”
• C. “Because the doctor just performed a Pap smear, I’ll return next year for another one.”
• D. “I had my glucose test last year, so I won’t need it again for 4 years.”

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Mammograms are recommended annually for women starting at age 40 or 45. This statement aligns with current guidelines for breast cancer screening in women without specific risk factors. Choice A is incorrect because colon cancer screenings are typically recommended at different intervals. Choice C is incorrect as Pap smears are usually done every 3-5 years based on age and risk factors. Choice D is incorrect because glucose testing is usually recommended more frequently, especially for individuals at risk for diabetes mellitus.

4. The patient refuses a morning bath, stating a preference for evening baths. What is the best action for the nurse to take?

• A. Defer the bath until evening and pass on the information to the next shift.
• B. Tell the patient that daily morning baths are the 'normal' routine.
• C. Explain the importance of maintaining morning hygiene practices.
• D. Cancel hygiene for the day and attempt again in the morning.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The best action for the nurse is to respect the patient's preference and autonomy. By deferring the bath until evening, the nurse acknowledges and accommodates the patient's routine, promoting patient-centered care. Choice B could be seen as dismissive of the patient's preference and may not foster a therapeutic relationship. Choice C, while important, doesn't address the patient's current refusal. Choice D is not respectful of the patient's autonomy and could lead to increased resistance. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate and patient-centered approach.

5. The healthcare provider is providing oral care to an unconscious patient and notes that the patient has extremely bad breath. Which term will the healthcare provider use when reporting to the oncoming shift?

• A. Cheilitis
• B. Halitosis
• C. Glossitis
• D. Dental caries

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct term the healthcare provider will use when reporting the extremely bad breath of the unconscious patient to the oncoming shift is 'Halitosis' (Choice B). Halitosis specifically refers to bad breath. Cheilitis (Choice A) is inflammation of the lips, not related to bad breath. Glossitis (Choice C) is inflammation of the tongue, not directly associated with bad breath. Dental caries (Choice D) are cavities in the teeth, which can contribute to bad breath but are not the term used to describe bad breath itself.

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