Nursing Elites

1. What would a healthcare professional expect to find when assessing the skin of a child with cellulitis?

• A. Red, raised hair follicles
• B. Warmth at skin disruption site
• C. Papules progressing to vesicles
• D. Honey-colored exudate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cellulitis is characterized by warmth at the site of skin disruption, indicating an infection. The correct answer is choice B. Choice A, 'Red, raised hair follicles,' is more indicative of folliculitis rather than cellulitis. Choice C, 'Papules progressing to vesicles,' is more characteristic of conditions like chickenpox, not cellulitis. Choice D, 'Honey-colored exudate,' is typical of wound infections with bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, not cellulitis.

2. During a primary survey of a child with partial thickness burns over the upper body areas, what action should the nurse take first?

• A. Inspect the child's skin color.
• B. Assess for a patent airway.
• C. Observe for symmetric breathing.
• D. Palpate the child's pulse.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When managing a child with partial thickness burns over the upper body areas, the priority action during the primary survey is to assess for a patent airway. This step is crucial as burns in this region can lead to airway compromise, potentially causing rapid deterioration in the child's condition. Checking for a patent airway ensures that the child can breathe adequately, which is essential for oxygenation and ventilation. Inspecting the child's skin color (Choice A) is an important assessment but should follow ensuring a patent airway. Observing for symmetric breathing (Choice C) is relevant, but the immediate focus should be on securing the airway. Palpating the child's pulse (Choice D) is also a vital assessment, but in this scenario, the priority is to assess and maintain a clear airway to support respiratory function and oxygen delivery.

3. A healthcare professional plans to discuss childhood nutrition with a group of parents whose children have Down syndrome in an attempt to minimize a common nutritional problem. What problem should be addressed?

• A. Rickets
• B. Obesity
• C. Anemia
• D. Rumination

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Childhood obesity is a prevalent issue in children with Down syndrome due to factors such as decreased physical activity, slower metabolism, and potential overeating tendencies. Addressing obesity is crucial to promoting healthy lifestyles and preventing associated health complications. Rickets, a condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, is not commonly associated with Down syndrome. While anemia can occur in individuals with Down syndrome, obesity is a more common concern. Rumination, the regurgitation of food without nausea, is not a typical nutritional problem in children with Down syndrome.

4. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a 3-year-old child diagnosed with acute otitis media?

• A. Encourage the child to drink plenty of fluids
• B. Encourage the child to eat a balanced diet
• C. Administer pain medication as needed
• D. Apply warm compresses to the affected ear

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to encourage the child to drink plenty of fluids. This helps to relieve symptoms and prevent dehydration in children with acute otitis media. Encouraging a balanced diet is important for overall health but may not directly impact otitis media symptoms. While administering pain medication as needed can help manage discomfort, it is not a primary discharge teaching for this condition. Applying warm compresses to the affected ear is not typically recommended in acute otitis media cases as it can potentially worsen the infection.

5. A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). What is the priority nursing intervention?

• A. Administering chemotherapy
• B. Preventing infection
• C. Monitoring for signs of bleeding
• D. Providing nutritional support

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is preventing infection. In caring for a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), preventing infection is the priority nursing intervention. Children with ALL are immunocompromised due to the disease and its treatment, making them more susceptible to infections. Administering chemotherapy, while important, is not the priority as preventing infection takes precedence to avoid complications. Monitoring for signs of bleeding and providing nutritional support are also essential components of care for a child with ALL, but preventing infection is the priority to ensure the child's safety and well-being.

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