Nursing Elites

1. You have been asked to help a top nutrition researcher conduct human experiments on vitamin C. As the subjects walk into the laboratory, you distribute all the vitamin C pill bottles to the girls and all the placebo pill bottles to the boys. What should you have done?

• A. Giving all the boys the vitamin C and the girls the placebo, and telling them what they were getting.
• B. Distributing the bottles randomly, randomizing the subjects, and telling them what they were getting.
• C. Telling the subjects which group they were in, but preventing yourself from knowing the contents of the pill bottles.
• D. Preventing yourself from knowing what is in the pill bottles, and distributing the bottles randomly to the subjects.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct approach in a scientific experiment is to prevent yourself from knowing the contents of the pill bottles and distribute them randomly to the subjects. This randomization helps to avoid bias and ensures that the results are not influenced by preconceived notions. Option A is incorrect because it introduces gender bias by assigning pills based on gender. Option B is incorrect as it mentions telling the subjects what they are getting, which could lead to placebo effects. Option C is incorrect as it suggests disclosing group information to the subjects, which can also introduce bias.

2. After surgical repair of a cleft palate, what should be used to prevent injury to the suture line?

• A. Straw
• B. Spoon
• C. Syringe
• D. Cup

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Syringe. Using a syringe helps in feeding without causing injury to the suture line after cleft palate repair because it avoids direct contact with the suture area. Straws and spoons can potentially put pressure on the suture line, leading to injury. Cups may not provide the necessary control to prevent contact with the suture line, unlike a syringe.

3. How should a healthcare provider address a child's concerns about a new medical diagnosis?

• A. Provide clear and age-appropriate information
• B. Avoid discussing the diagnosis
• C. Refer to a specialist immediately
• D. Suggest seeking alternative therapies

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct answer: Providing clear and age-appropriate information is crucial when addressing a child's concerns about a new medical diagnosis. Children often feel anxious and confused when faced with health issues, so offering them information in a way they can understand helps alleviate their fears and empowers them to cope better. Choice B is incorrect because avoiding discussing the diagnosis can lead to increased anxiety and uncertainty in the child. Choice C is incorrect as referring to a specialist immediately may not be necessary at the initial stage of addressing the child's concerns. Choice D is incorrect as suggesting alternative therapies without providing proper information about the medical diagnosis may not be suitable or effective.

4. How many minerals are known to be essential for human nutrition?

• A. 8
• B. 12
• C. 16
• D. 20

Correct answer: C

Rationale: There are 16 essential minerals required for human nutrition. These minerals include calcium, potassium, iron, and others. Choice A (8) is incorrect as it underestimates the number of essential minerals. Choice B (12) is also incorrect as it does not encompass the full count of essential minerals. Choice D (20) is incorrect as it overestimates the number of essential minerals.

5. What dietary modification is important for a child with celiac disease?

• A. Increase dairy intake
• B. Avoid gluten-containing foods
• C. Decrease protein intake
• D. Increase fiber intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid gluten-containing foods. For a child with celiac disease, it is crucial to eliminate gluten from their diet to manage the condition effectively. Gluten triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease, leading to symptoms and damage to the small intestine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing dairy intake, decreasing protein intake, or increasing fiber intake are not specific dietary modifications for managing celiac disease.

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