Nursing Elites

1. As a nursing student triaging a patient, which of the following is an example of quantitative data you can gather?

• A. The patient says he feels pain.
• B. The patient says he has stabbing pain.
• C. The patient's temperature is 101.7°F.
• D. The patient reports that he had a fever yesterday.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The corrected choice C, 'The patient's temperature is 101.7°F,' is an example of quantitative data because it provides a specific numerical value that can be measured. Quantitative data involves measurable and numerical information, making it crucial for assessing a patient's condition objectively. Choices A and B are subjective statements based on the patient's perception of pain and its description, which are qualitative data and may vary between individuals. Choice D provides historical information about a fever, which is not a current measurable value and does not constitute quantitative data for immediate assessment.

2. Find the lowest coefficients that will balance the following combustion equation: __C H + __O2 → __CO2 + __H2O

• A. 1:5:5:2
• B. 4:10:20:8
• C. 2:9:10:4
• D. 2:5:10:4

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To balance the combustion equation CxHy + O2 → xCO2 + y/2 H2O, we need to balance the carbon and hydrogen atoms. The balanced equation for the given combustion is: 2C H4 + 9O2 → 2CO2 + 4H2O. This means that the correct coefficients are 2:9:10:4, which corresponds to choice C. Choice A (1:5:5:2) does not balance the equation correctly, choice B (4:10:20:8) has excessive oxygen and does not balance the equation, and choice D (2:5:10:4) does not provide the correct ratio of oxygen to balance the equation.

3. In physics, what does the term 'terminal velocity' refer to?

• A. Maximum velocity reached by an object in free fall
• B. Velocity when the object is at rest
• C. Instantaneous velocity of an object
• D. Velocity only reached by heavy objects

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Terminal velocity in physics refers to the maximum velocity achieved by an object in free fall when the force of gravity equals the force of air resistance. At terminal velocity, the object stops accelerating and maintains a constant speed. This occurs when the opposing forces are balanced, leading to no further increase in speed. Choice B is incorrect as velocity when the object is at rest is zero, not at terminal velocity. Choice C is incorrect as instantaneous velocity refers to the velocity at a specific moment in time, not the maximum speed reached in free fall. Choice D is incorrect because terminal velocity is not exclusive to heavy objects; all objects in free fall can reach terminal velocity under the right conditions.

4. What happens to the speed of a sound wave when it travels from air to water?

• A. It increases because water is denser.
• B. It decreases because water is denser.
• C. It remains the same.
• D. Speed depends on the frequency, not the medium.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a sound wave travels from air to water, the speed of sound decreases because sound travels faster in denser mediums. Water, being denser than air, causes the speed of sound to slow down. Choice A is incorrect because sound travels faster in denser mediums, so the speed would not increase. Choice C is incorrect because the speed of sound changes when transitioning between different mediums. Choice D is incorrect because while frequency does affect sound, the medium it travels through also plays a significant role in determining the speed of sound.

5. Which property of a substance describes how much matter is packed into a given space?

• A. Mass
• B. Volume
• C. Weight
• D. Density

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Density is the property of a substance that describes how much matter is packed into a given space. It is calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its volume. Mass refers to the amount of matter in an object, volume is the amount of space an object occupies, and weight is the force of gravity acting on an object's mass. Density specifically relates to how tightly packed the particles of a substance are. In this context, density is the most appropriate answer as it directly addresses how matter is packed into a given space. Mass and weight are related to the quantity of matter and the force of gravity, respectively, but do not directly describe the compactness of matter in a given space. Volume, on the other hand, refers to the space occupied by an object, not the amount of matter packed into that space.

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