Nursing Elites

1. Which symptom is most commonly associated with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

• A. Frequent panic attacks
• B. Persistent and excessive worry
• C. Recurrent, intrusive thoughts
• D. Compulsive behaviors

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Persistent and excessive worry. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by persistent and excessive worry about a variety of things, even when there is little or no reason to worry. This worry is difficult to control and can significantly impact daily life. While panic attacks, recurrent intrusive thoughts, and compulsive behaviors can occur in other anxiety disorders, persistent and excessive worry is the hallmark symptom of GAD. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the primary symptom associated with GAD.

2. Which medication is often prescribed for patients with bipolar disorder to help stabilize mood?

• A. Sertraline
• B. Lithium
• C. Haloperidol
• D. Diazepam

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Lithium is the medication frequently prescribed to stabilize mood in patients with bipolar disorder. It helps to reduce the frequency and severity of manic episodes, making it a cornerstone in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Sertraline is an antidepressant commonly used for depression, while haloperidol and diazepam are not typically first-line treatments for bipolar disorder.

3. A patient with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is experiencing flashbacks. What is the best initial intervention?

• A. Encouraging the patient to avoid triggers
• B. Encouraging the patient to talk about their feelings
• C. Providing the patient with relaxation techniques
• D. Advising the patient to avoid social situations

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The best initial intervention for a patient with PTSD experiencing flashbacks is to provide relaxation techniques. This approach helps the patient manage flashbacks by focusing on the present moment, promoting relaxation, and reducing anxiety associated with the traumatic memories. Encouraging the patient to avoid triggers or social situations may not address the immediate distress caused by flashbacks, while talking about feelings may not be as effective as providing immediate tools to manage the distressing symptoms.

4. A patient with bipolar disorder is being educated by a nurse on the importance of medication adherence. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?

• A. I will take my medication only when I feel manic symptoms.
• B. I understand that I need to take my medication regularly, even if I feel well.
• C. I will stop taking my medication if I experience side effects.
• D. I will take my medication whenever I remember.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Taking medication regularly, even when feeling well, is crucial in managing bipolar disorder. Choice A is incorrect because medication adherence should not be based on symptoms alone. Choice C is incorrect as stopping medication due to side effects should be discussed with a healthcare provider. Choice D is incorrect because relying on memory may lead to missed doses, impacting treatment effectiveness.

5. Which therapeutic communication technique is being used when the nurse says, 'Tell me more about what you are feeling right now'?

• A. Restating
• B. Clarification
• C. Reflection
• D. Exploration

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Exploration. In this scenario, the nurse is using the exploration technique to encourage the patient to elaborate further on their feelings. Exploration involves prompting the patient to delve deeper into their thoughts and emotions, fostering a more comprehensive discussion and understanding of their experiences.

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