Nursing Elites

1. A patient with anorexia nervosa is being treated in an inpatient facility. Which intervention should be included in the care plan?

• A. Allowing the patient to eat alone to reduce stress
• B. Monitoring the patient's weight weekly
• C. Encouraging the patient to exercise daily
• D. Providing the patient with a high-calorie diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring the patient's weight weekly is crucial in the care of individuals with anorexia nervosa as it allows healthcare providers to track changes in weight, which is a key indicator of nutritional status. Regular weight monitoring helps in identifying any significant weight loss or gain, enabling prompt intervention and adjustment of the treatment plan to address the patient's nutritional needs effectively.

2. A patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) spends hours washing their hands. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

• A. Encouraging the patient to stop washing their hands
• B. Allowing the patient to wash hands at specified times
• C. Ignoring the patient's behavior
• D. Setting strict limits on the time allowed for hand washing

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In managing a patient with OCD who spends excessive time washing hands, allowing the patient to wash hands at specified times is the most appropriate nursing intervention. This approach helps establish a structured routine for hand washing, which can assist in managing OCD symptoms without reinforcing the behavior. Encouraging the patient to stop washing hands may lead to increased anxiety and resistance. Ignoring the behavior can perpetuate the cycle of OCD, and setting strict limits on hand washing time may cause distress and may not effectively address the underlying issues associated with OCD.

3. Which of the following is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

• A. Apathy
• B. Social withdrawal
• C. Delusions
• D. Flat affect

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: Delusions.' Positive symptoms of schizophrenia involve an excess or distortion of normal functions. Delusions are fixed false beliefs that are not based in reality and are considered positive symptoms because they represent an addition of abnormal behavior or thoughts.

4. A nurse is providing education to a patient newly prescribed buspirone for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. I can take this medication as needed for immediate relief of anxiety.
• B. It may take several weeks before I notice the full effects of the medication.
• C. I should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.
• D. This medication is less likely to make me drowsy compared to other anxiety medications.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Buspirone is not for immediate relief of anxiety

5. Which of the following interventions is most effective in managing a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

• A. Encouraging the patient to engage in repetitive behaviors.
• B. Helping the patient to understand that their thoughts are irrational.
• C. Providing the patient with a structured daily routine.
• D. Allowing the patient to avoid situations that trigger their obsessions.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most effective intervention in managing a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is helping the patient to understand that their thoughts are irrational. This cognitive-behavioral approach can assist in reducing the frequency and intensity of obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors by challenging and reframing maladaptive beliefs and thought patterns associated with OCD. Encouraging the patient to engage in repetitive behaviors (choice A) reinforces the compulsive behavior rather than addressing the underlying issue. Providing a structured daily routine (choice C) may help in some cases but does not directly target the irrational thoughts and beliefs. Allowing the patient to avoid trigger situations (choice D) can provide temporary relief but does not address the core problem of irrational thoughts and behaviors.

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