Nursing Elites

1. A patient with anorexia nervosa is being treated in an inpatient facility. Which intervention should be included in the care plan?

• A. Allowing the patient to eat alone to reduce stress
• B. Monitoring the patient's weight weekly
• C. Encouraging the patient to exercise daily
• D. Providing the patient with a high-calorie diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring the patient's weight weekly is crucial in the care of individuals with anorexia nervosa as it allows healthcare providers to track changes in weight, which is a key indicator of nutritional status. Regular weight monitoring helps in identifying any significant weight loss or gain, enabling prompt intervention and adjustment of the treatment plan to address the patient's nutritional needs effectively.

2. The school nurse has been alerted to the fact that an 8-year-old boy routinely playacts as a police officer, 'locking up' other children on the playground to the point where the children get scared. The nurse recognizes that this behavior is most likely an indication of:

• A. The need to dominate others
• B. Inventing traumatic events
• C. A need to develop close relationships
• D. A potential symptom of traumatization

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When an 8-year-old boy engages in playacting as a police officer that instills fear in other children, it can be indicative of a potential symptom of traumatization. This behavior may reflect the child's attempt to process or express experiences of trauma, leading to a manifestation of such distress in his play interactions with others.

3. A client has a new prescription for disulfiram for the treatment of alcohol use disorder. The nurse informs the client that this medication can cause nausea and vomiting when alcohol is consumed. Which of the following types of treatment is this method an example of?

• A. Aversion therapy
• B. Flooding
• C. Biofeedback
• D. Dialectical behavior therapy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Aversion therapy is a form of behavioral therapy that aims to create a negative response to a stimulus, in this case, alcohol consumption. Disulfiram is used in aversion therapy to induce unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed, such as nausea and vomiting, to deter the individual from drinking. Therefore, the use of disulfiram in this context exemplifies aversion therapy. Flooding involves exposing an individual to a feared object or situation to overcome anxiety; biofeedback teaches self-regulation techniques, and dialectical behavior therapy is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy focusing on acceptance and change strategies, which are not directly related to the use of disulfiram for alcohol use disorder.

4. In cognitive processing therapy for PTSD, what is the primary goal for the patient?

• A. To help the patient process the trauma and reduce avoidance behaviors.
• B. To help the patient confront and process the trauma in a safe environment.
• C. To help the patient understand the impact of the trauma on their current thoughts and behaviors.
• D. To help the patient avoid triggers that remind them of the trauma.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of cognitive processing therapy for PTSD is to help the patient understand the impact of the trauma on their current thoughts and behaviors. Through this therapy, individuals learn to identify and challenge maladaptive beliefs related to the traumatic event, ultimately helping them to process the trauma and develop healthier coping mechanisms. This approach aims to address the cognitive distortions and negative thoughts that have resulted from the trauma, facilitating healing and recovery.

5. A patient is being discharged with a prescription for an antidepressant for their depression. Which instruction is most important?

• A. Take the medication with food to prevent stomach upset.
• B. Refrain from driving until you understand the effects of the medication.
• C. Do not discontinue the medication suddenly.
• D. Avoid alcohol consumption while taking this medication.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most critical instruction is to not discontinue the antidepressant medication suddenly. Abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms and potentially trigger a relapse of depression. Options A, B, and D are important but not as crucial as ensuring the patient follows the prescribed regimen and consults with a healthcare provider before making any changes to the medication routine.

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