which statement about white blood cells is true

ATI TEAS 7

ATI TEAS Science Questions

1. Which statement about white blood cells is true?

A. B cells are responsible for antibody production.
B. White blood cells are produced in the bone marrow before entering the bloodstream.
C. Platelets, a specialized class of blood cells, function to clot blood and stop bleeding.
D. The majority of white blood cells are active throughout life, providing immunity across all age groups.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: B cells, a type of white blood cell, are responsible for producing antibodies in response to pathogens. Antibodies play a crucial role in identifying and neutralizing foreign substances like bacteria and viruses in the body, aiding in the immune response and protecting against infections. This function is essential for maintaining a healthy immune system. White blood cells, including B cells, are produced in the bone marrow before entering the bloodstream. Platelets, not white blood cells, are a specialized class of blood cells that function to clot blood and stop bleeding. While white blood cells provide immunity, not all of them are active throughout life as some have specific lifespans and functions.

2. What is the process of converting DNA into a protein called?

A. Transcription
B. Translation
C. Replication
D. Mutation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Translation is the correct answer. It is the process of converting the information in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids to form a protein. Transcription (Choice A) is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. Replication (Choice C) is the process of making an identical copy of DNA. Mutation (Choice D) refers to a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in proteins, but it is not the process of converting DNA into a protein.

3. Long bones are one of the five major types of bones in the human body. All of the following bones are long bones, EXCEPT

A. Thighs
B. Forearms
C. Ankles
D. Fingers

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Long bones are one of the five major types of bones in the human body, characterized by their elongated shape. Thighs, forearms, and ankles are examples of long bones as they are longer than they are wide and have a tubular structure, aiding in support and movement. Fingers, however, are categorized as short bones due to their small size and shape. Short bones like fingers are essential for providing dexterity and precise movements rather than supporting weight or acting as levers for movement. Therefore, the correct answer is D, Fingers, as they are not classified as long bones.

4. The lymphatic system works closely with which other body system to fight infections?

A. Respiratory system
B. Digestive system
C. Immune system
D. Nervous system

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The lymphatic system and the immune system work closely together to fight infections. The lymphatic system aids the immune system by circulating white blood cells, a crucial component in combating pathogens, throughout the body. This collaboration helps identify and eliminate harmful invaders to maintain the body's health and well-being. Choice A (Respiratory system) is incorrect because while it plays a role in oxygen exchange and removing carbon dioxide, it is not primarily responsible for fighting infections. Choice B (Digestive system) is incorrect as its main functions involve breaking down food and absorbing nutrients, not directly fighting infections. Choice D (Nervous system) is incorrect because its primary role is in transmitting signals throughout the body and controlling bodily functions, not in fighting infections.

5. Which of the following is NOT a component of the genitourinary system?

A. The kidneys
B. The urethra
C. The rectum
D. The bladder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The rectum is part of the digestive system, not the genitourinary system. The genitourinary system comprises organs involved in reproduction and urine formation and excretion, such as the kidneys, urethra, and bladder. Choices A, B, and D are all components of the genitourinary system. The kidneys filter blood and produce urine, the urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body, and the bladder stores urine before it is excreted.