which part of the nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals from the sensory organs to the central nervous system

ATI TEAS 7

ati teas 7 science

1. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals from the sensory organs to the central nervous system?

A. Autonomic nervous system
B. Somatic nervous system
C. Peripheral nervous system
D. Central nervous system

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals from the sensory organs to the central nervous system. It consists of nerves that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body, including sensory nerves that carry information from the sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion, the somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, and the central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.

2. A dietitian wants to convince a patient to lose weight. Which statement below best communicates a scientific argument that justifies the need for weight loss?

A. Losing weight can lower blood pressure, increase energy levels, and promote overall health.
B. Society tends to treat overweight people unfairly.
C. Members of the opposite sex are more interested in people who maintain a healthy weight.
D. Losing weight is easy to do.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Choice A is the correct answer as it provides a scientific argument supported by evidence. Losing weight has been shown to lower blood pressure, increase energy levels, and promote overall health. These are concrete health benefits that can be objectively measured and monitored. Choices B and C do not offer scientific justifications for weight loss but rather focus on societal perceptions and personal relationships. Choice D is incorrect as losing weight is not always easy and may require significant effort and lifestyle changes.

3. What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

A. Mitosis produces haploid cells, while meiosis produces diploid cells
B. Mitosis involves crossing over, while meiosis does not.
C. Mitosis results in four daughter cells, while meiosis results in two
D. Mitosis is responsible for sexual reproduction, while meiosis is responsible for asexual reproduction.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: - Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Therefore, mitosis results in two daughter cells. - Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This reduction in chromosome number is essential for sexual reproduction. - Option A is incorrect because mitosis produces diploid cells (cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell), while meiosis produces haploid cells (cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell). - Option B is incorrect because crossing over, the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, occurs during meiosis and not during mitosis. - Option D is incorrect because mitosis is not responsible for sexual reproduction; it is a process of asexual reproduction and

4. What is the role of bile in digestion?

A. To break down carbohydrates
B. To emulsify fats
C. To neutralize stomach acid
D. To absorb proteins

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets for easier digestion.

5. What is the external body covering, providing protection and contributing to temperature regulation, composed of?

A. Muscle tissue
B. Epithelial tissue (skin)
C. Bone marrow
D. Cartilage

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The external body covering, which is the skin, is composed of epithelial tissue. Epithelial tissue serves as a protective barrier against pathogens, chemicals, and physical damage. It also helps regulate body temperature through processes like sweating. Choice A (Muscle tissue) is incorrect as muscles are responsible for movement and not the external body covering. Choice C (Bone marrow) is incorrect as it is a component of the skeletal system and not the external body covering. Choice D (Cartilage) is incorrect as cartilage is a type of connective tissue found in joints and the structure of some body parts, not the external body covering.