Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following joints is an example of a hinge joint?

• A. Hip joint
• B. Elbow joint
• C. Shoulder joint
• D. Knee joint

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elbow joint. A hinge joint allows movement primarily in one plane, enabling bending and straightening actions. The elbow joint specifically functions as a hinge joint, facilitating the bending and straightening of the arm. The other options, such as the hip joint (A), shoulder joint (C), and knee joint (D), are not examples of hinge joints as they allow movement in multiple planes with more complex motions.

2. Which of the following touch receptors respond to light touch and slower vibrations?

• A. Merkel's discs
• B. Pacinian corpuscles
• C. Meissner's corpuscles
• D. Ruffini endings

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Merkel's discs. Merkel's discs are touch receptors that respond to light touch and slower vibrations, making them ideal for detecting subtle tactile stimuli. Pacinian corpuscles are specialized in detecting deep pressure and high-frequency vibrations, not light touch or slower vibrations. Meissner's corpuscles, on the other hand, are sensitive to light touch and low-frequency vibrations, but they do not specifically respond to slower vibrations. Ruffini endings are responsible for detecting skin stretch and continuous touch pressure, differentiating them from Merkel's discs, which are specifically attuned to light touch and slower vibrations.

3. What is the general formula for an alkene?

• A. CnH2n+2
• B. CnH2n
• C. CnH2n-2
• D. CnH2n+1

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The general formula for an alkene is \(C_nH_{2n}\), indicating the presence of a double bond between carbon atoms.

4. Which statement correctly matches the valve with its function in the heart?

• A. The aortic valve allows oxygenated blood to flow from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.
• B. The mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
• C. The pulmonic valve allows deoxygenated blood to flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.
• D. The tricuspid valve allows deoxygenated blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The aortic valve allows oxygenated blood to flow from the left ventricle to the rest of the body. When the left ventricle contracts, the aortic valve opens to allow blood to be pumped into the aorta, the body's main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood to various parts of the body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not match the described functions of the mitral, pulmonic, and tricuspid valves, respectively. The mitral valve controls the flow of blood between the left atrium and left ventricle, the pulmonic valve regulates the flow of blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery, and the tricuspid valve manages the blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle.

5. Which element is a good conductor of electricity but is not a metal?

• A. Copper
• B. Silver
• C. Graphite
• D. Gold

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is graphite. Graphite is a non-metal that is a good conductor of electricity due to its unique electronic structure. While metals are typically known for their conductivity, graphite is an exception to this rule. Copper (choice A), silver (choice B), and gold (choice D) are all metals and are known for their excellent conductivity. Therefore, they do not fit the criteria of the question, which specifically asks for an element that is a good conductor of electricity but is not a metal.

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