Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an epidemiologic function of the nurse during an epidemic?

• A. Conducting assessments of suspected cases to detect communicable diseases
• B. Monitoring the condition of cases affected by the communicable disease
• C. Participating in the investigation to determine the source of the epidemic
• D. Educating the community on preventive measures against the disease

Correct answer: C

Rationale: During an epidemic, nurses play a crucial role in participating in epidemiologic investigations to identify the source of the outbreak. By investigating the source of the epidemic, nurses can help in understanding what caused the outbreak and how it can be controlled and prevented in the future. This function is essential in managing and responding effectively to epidemics.

2. What is an advantage of conducting a home visit?

• A. It enables the nurse to provide nursing care to a greater number of people
• B. It provides an opportunity to conduct a firsthand appraisal of the home situation
• C. It allows sharing of experiences among people with similar health problems
• D. It fosters the family’s initiative in providing for the health needs of its members

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Conducting a home visit provides an opportunity to conduct a firsthand appraisal of the home situation. This allows healthcare professionals to observe the living conditions, identify potential health hazards, and tailor care plans to the individual's environment. It helps in gaining a better understanding of the patient's lifestyle, social support, and resources available at home, leading to more personalized and effective care.

3. Which of the following indicators is used to measure the health status of a population?

• A. Literacy rate
• B. Gross domestic product (GDP)
• C. Infant mortality rate
• D. Employment rate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The infant mortality rate is a crucial indicator used to assess the health status of a population. It reflects the number of deaths among infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. A high infant mortality rate is often indicative of inadequate healthcare services, poor sanitation, and other factors that impact the overall health of a population. Therefore, monitoring and improving the infant mortality rate is essential for evaluating and addressing the health needs of a community.

4. Primary health care is a total approach to community development. Which of the following is an indicator of success in using the primary health care approach?

• A. Health services are provided free of charge to individuals and families
• B. Local officials are empowered as the major decision-makers in health matters
• C. Health workers can provide care based on identified health needs of the people
• D. Health programs are sustained according to the level of development of the community

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Success in utilizing the primary health care approach is indicated by the sustainability of health programs based on the community's development level. This ensures that essential health services can be maintained at all stages of community development, reflecting the core principles of primary health care.

5. Which vaccine leaves a permanent scar at the site of injection?

• A. BCG
• B. DPT
• C. Hepatitis B vaccine
• D. Measles vaccine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The BCG vaccine, which is used for tuberculosis, is known to leave a permanent scar at the site of injection. This distinctive scar formation is one of the characteristic features of receiving the BCG vaccine and is used as a marker of vaccination in some regions.

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