Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a sign of altered mental status in a small child?

• A. Fear of the EMT's presence.
• B. Recognition of the parents.
• C. Inattention to the EMT's presence.
• D. Consistent eye contact with the EMT.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Inattention to the EMT's presence is a sign of altered mental status in a small child. When a child is not responsive or does not acknowledge the presence of the EMT, it could indicate a change in their mental status. This lack of attention or awareness may signify a neurological issue or other medical condition affecting the child's cognitive function.

2. Which of the following is NOT a function of hormones?

• A. Producing new offspring
• B. Promoting growth and beauty
• C. Maintaining body temperature
• D. Fighting infections

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hormones play various roles in the body, such as promoting growth and beauty, maintaining body temperature, and fighting infections. However, producing new offspring is not a direct function of hormones. Reproduction is primarily regulated by other factors like the reproductive system. Choice B is incorrect because hormones can indeed influence growth but not specifically 'beauty.' Choice C is incorrect as hormones can help regulate body temperature indirectly. Choice D is incorrect as hormones like cytokines can be involved in the body's immune response to fight infections.

3. Serwaa, a 26-year-old mother, has brought her daughter to the OPD with signs of lower respiratory tract infection. Which of the following diagnoses is NOT typically associated with lower respiratory tract infections for her daughter?

• A. Pneumonia
• B. Asthma
• C. Bronchiolitis
• D. Coryza

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Coryza, also known as the common cold, is a viral infection that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and is not typically associated with lower respiratory tract infections. Pneumonia, asthma, and bronchiolitis are conditions that commonly affect the lower respiratory tract, causing symptoms like cough, difficulty breathing, and chest pain.

4. Which intervention is not appropriate for the hospitalized adolescent?

• A. Allowing the adolescent to assist with procedures when possible.
• B. Encouraging them to discuss their thoughts and feelings about the hospitalization.
• C. Encouraging them to remain in the room throughout the hospitalization to ensure adequate rest periods.
• D. Encouraging peer visitation.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Encouraging the adolescent to remain in the room throughout the hospitalization to ensure adequate rest periods is not appropriate. It is crucial for adolescents to have opportunities for physical activity and social interaction to promote their well-being during hospitalization. Allowing them to assist with procedures when possible can empower them and provide a sense of control. Encouraging discussions about their thoughts and feelings helps address their emotional needs. Facilitating peer visitation fosters social support, which is beneficial for their well-being. Therefore, choice C is the least appropriate as it restricts important aspects of the adolescent's development and coping mechanisms during hospitalization.

5. Following delivery of a newborn and placenta, you note that the mother has moderate vaginal bleeding. The mother is conscious and alert, and her vital signs are stable. Treatment for her should include:

• A. carefully packing the vagina with sterile dressings.
• B. massaging the uterus if signs of shock develop.
• C. treating her for shock and providing rapid transport.
• D. administering oxygen and massaging the uterus.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Administering oxygen and massaging the uterus are appropriate interventions to manage postpartum bleeding. Oxygen helps support tissue perfusion, and uterine massage can aid in uterine contraction, controlling bleeding. These actions are indicated when the mother experiences moderate vaginal bleeding post-delivery, as described in the scenario. Careful monitoring for signs of shock should continue while these interventions are implemented to ensure the mother's condition remains stable. Choices A and B are incorrect because packing the vagina with sterile dressings is not recommended for postpartum bleeding unless it is severe and immediate action is needed, while massaging the uterus is a proactive approach and should not be delayed until signs of shock develop. Choice C is also incorrect as rapid transport is not the primary intervention in this scenario where the mother is conscious, alert, and stable, and the focus should be on immediate management of the bleeding.

Similar Questions