Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a common sign of dehydration in infants?

• A. Frequent urination
• B. Sunken fontanelle
• C. Excessive drooling
• D. Increased appetite

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A sunken fontanelle is a common sign of dehydration in infants. The fontanelle is the soft spot on an infant's head where the skull bones have not yet fused. When an infant is dehydrated, the fontanelle can appear sunken or indented. It is important for caregivers and healthcare providers to recognize this sign promptly to ensure timely intervention and hydration for the infant.

2. Which is a characteristic of person-to-person propagated epidemics?

• A. There are more cases of the disease than expected
• B. The disease must necessarily be transmitted through a vector
• C. The spread of the disease can be attributed to a common vehicle
• D. There is a gradual build-up of cases before the epidemic becomes easily noticeable

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In person-to-person propagated epidemics, there is typically a gradual build-up of cases before the epidemic becomes easily noticeable. This slow onset allows for the disease to spread from one individual to another, leading to a progressive increase in cases over time.

3. Which numerator is used in computing the general fertility rate?

• A. Estimated midyear population
• B. Number of registered live births
• C. Number of pregnancies in the year
• D. Number of females of reproductive age

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The general fertility rate is calculated by dividing the number of registered live births by the number of females of reproductive age (usually 15-45 years) and then multiplying the result by 1,000. This rate helps in understanding the average number of live births a woman in a specific population is expected to have during her reproductive years.

4. The public health nurse is the supervisor of rural health midwives. Which of the following is a supervisory function of the public health nurse?

• A. Referring cases or patients to the midwife
• B. Providing technical guidance to the midwife
• C. Providing nursing care to cases referred by the midwife
• D. Formulating and implementing training programs for midwives

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Providing technical guidance to the midwife is a key supervisory function of the public health nurse. This guidance helps the midwife in delivering care to clients effectively, especially in adhering to management guidelines such as those in Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. While options A, C, and D involve various aspects of support and collaboration, providing technical guidance aligns directly with the supervisory role of ensuring quality and consistency in the care provided by midwives.

5. When determining whether resources were maximized in implementing Ligtas Tigdas, what is being evaluated?

• A. Effectiveness
• B. Efficiency
• C. Adequacy
• D. Appropriateness

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Efficiency is the correct answer because it assesses whether the desired outcomes were achieved with the least amount of resources expended. In the context of Ligtas Tigdas, evaluating efficiency would involve determining if the program goals were met in a cost-effective manner, optimizing the use of resources to achieve the best results.

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