Nursing Elites

1. What should be the priority action when caring for a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis?

• A. Initiate measures to reduce fever.
• B. Ensure delivery of humidified oxygen.
• C. Provide support to reduce apprehension.
• D. Continually assess the respiratory status.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When caring for a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis, the priority action should be to continually assess the respiratory status. This is crucial to detect early signs of respiratory distress, such as worsening stridor or increased work of breathing. Prompt intervention can prevent further deterioration of the child's condition. Initiating measures to reduce fever (Choice A) may be necessary but is not the priority in this situation. Ensuring delivery of humidified oxygen (Choice B) is important for maintaining oxygenation but should follow the assessment of respiratory status. Providing support to reduce apprehension (Choice C) is also important for the child's comfort but is not the priority over assessing and managing respiratory distress.

2. When teaching an adolescent with type 1 diabetes about dietary management, what should the nurse include?

• A. Eating meals at home is recommended.
• B. Food portions should be measured using a gram scale.
• C. Ensure a ready source of glucose is available.
• D. No specific foods need to be cooked for the adolescent.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When teaching an adolescent with type 1 diabetes about dietary management, it is crucial to ensure a ready source of glucose is available. In cases of hypoglycemia, having a quick source of glucose can help raise blood sugar levels rapidly. Option A is not the most critical aspect of dietary management for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes. While it is generally recommended to eat meals at home for better control over food choices, the availability of a ready glucose source takes precedence. Option B, weighing foods on a gram scale, may not be practical for every meal and could be burdensome. Option D, cooking specific foods for the adolescent, is not necessary as the focus should be on the overall dietary plan rather than individualized meals.

3. A home care nurse is visiting a family for the first time. The 4-week-old infant had surgery for exstrophy of the bladder and creation of an ileal conduit soon after birth. When the nurse arrives, the mother appears tired, and the baby is crying. After an introduction, which is the most appropriate statement by the nurse?

• A. “Tell me about your daily routine.”
• B. “You look tired. Is everything all right?”
• C. “When was the last time the baby had a bottle?”
• D. “Oh, it looks like you two are having a bad day.”

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most appropriate statement by the nurse in this scenario is to inquire about the family's daily routine. This question allows the nurse to gather information about the family dynamics, the care routine for the infant post-surgery, feeding schedules, and potential stressors. It opens the conversation in a non-intrusive manner and helps the nurse assess the family's situation to provide appropriate support. Choices B, C, and D do not address the situation effectively. Asking about the daily routine is crucial for the nurse to understand the family's needs and offer targeted assistance.

4. When caring for a child and family who just moved out of a dangerous neighborhood, which of the following approaches is appropriate to the family stress theory?

• A. Determining who the decision maker is
• B. Assessing the child's coping abilities
• C. Finding out how siblings feel
• D. Explaining procedures to siblings

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Assessing the child's coping abilities is appropriate when applying the family stress theory because it helps understand how well the child is managing the stress of the situation. This assessment can provide insights into the child's emotional well-being and resilience, enabling healthcare providers to offer appropriate support. Choices A, C, and D are less relevant in the context of family stress theory. Determining who the decision-maker is may be important but is not directly related to assessing the child's coping abilities. Finding out how siblings feel and explaining procedures to siblings may be valuable aspects of care but are not specifically aligned with the core principles of the family stress theory, which focus on understanding and addressing stress within the family unit.

5. What explanation should the nurse provide to the parents of a 6-month-old infant diagnosed with cystic fibrosis?

• A. It is a condition affecting the respiratory and digestive systems.
• B. It is an autoimmune disorder affecting multiple organs.
• C. It is a genetic disorder that can be managed with medication.
• D. It is a condition caused by prenatal exposure to toxins.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems. It results in the production of thick, sticky mucus that can clog the lungs and obstruct the pancreas. This explanation is crucial for parents to understand the impact of the condition on their child's health. Choice B is incorrect because cystic fibrosis is not an autoimmune disorder. Choice C is partially correct in that cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder, but it requires a comprehensive management approach beyond just medication. Choice D is incorrect as cystic fibrosis is not caused by prenatal exposure to toxins but rather by inheriting specific genetic mutations.

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