Nursing Elites

1. What should a person recommend to a client experiencing constipation?

• A. Increase fluid intake to prevent further dehydration
• B. Increase dietary fiber to promote regular bowel movements
• C. Administer a laxative to relieve constipation
• D. Encourage bed rest to allow for bowel function to return

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Increasing dietary fiber is an effective recommendation for clients experiencing constipation as it helps promote regular bowel movements. Choice A, increasing fluid intake, is also important but the most appropriate initial recommendation for constipation is to increase dietary fiber. Choice C, administering a laxative, should not be the first-line recommendation and is typically considered after dietary and lifestyle interventions. Choice D, encouraging bed rest, does not directly address constipation relief or prevention.

2. A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and is receiving enalapril. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

• A. Increased heart rate
• B. Persistent cough
• C. Constipation
• D. Sweating

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Persistent cough. Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor that can cause a persistent cough as a common side effect. This symptom should be reported to the healthcare provider to evaluate if a medication adjustment is needed. Choices A, C, and D are not typically associated with enalapril use and are less likely to be directly related to the medication. Increased heart rate, constipation, and sweating are not commonly linked to enalapril, so they are not the priority findings to report in this case.

3. Which dietary restriction should be taught to a client with chronic kidney disease?

• A. Increase potassium-rich foods
• B. Limit phosphorus and potassium intake
• C. Encourage increased protein intake
• D. Increase fluid intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit phosphorus and potassium intake. In chronic kidney disease, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter these minerals from the blood, leading to their accumulation and potential complications. Restricting phosphorus and potassium intake is crucial in managing the progression of the disease. Choice A is incorrect as increasing potassium-rich foods can worsen the condition. Choice C is also incorrect as excessive protein intake can put more strain on the kidneys. Choice D is not the priority; rather, fluid intake should be monitored based on individual needs and stage of kidney disease.

4. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. The client states, 'I'm sick of all these medications, and I'm not taking any more today!' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Ask the client to discuss their feelings
• B. Explain the importance of the medications
• C. Document the refusal and withhold the medication
• D. Inform the client of the possible consequences of refusal

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When a client refuses medication, the nurse should inform the client of the possible consequences of refusal. This action helps the client understand the risks associated with not taking the medication. Asking the client to discuss their feelings (choice A) is important but should follow after informing them of the consequences. Explaining the importance of the medications (choice B) might not address the immediate concern of the client. Documenting the refusal and withholding the medication (choice C) should be done after informing the client of the consequences and attempting to address their concerns.

5. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

• A. Potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L
• B. Sodium level of 135 mEq/L
• C. Magnesium level of 1.6 mEq/L
• D. Calcium level of 8.5 mg/dL

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. A magnesium level of 1.6 mEq/L is within the normal range, but monitoring potassium levels is crucial for clients taking furosemide. Furosemide can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels), which can lead to adverse effects such as cardiac dysrhythmias. Sodium and calcium levels are not typically affected by furosemide, so they are not the priority findings to report to the provider in this case.

Similar Questions