Nursing Elites

1. What might happen if blood sugar begins to drop in the human body?

• A. The pancreas releases insulin.
• B. The liver releases stored glucose.
• C. The liver stores glucose as glycogen.
• D. The pancreas releases glucagon.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When blood sugar levels drop in the body, the pancreas releases glucagon. Glucagon acts to increase blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choice A is incorrect because the release of insulin lowers blood sugar levels, opposite of what happens when blood sugar is dropping. Choice B is incorrect as the liver releases stored glucose in response to low blood sugar, not when blood sugar is already dropping. Choice C is also incorrect as the liver stores glucose as glycogen but doesn't directly impact blood sugar levels dropping in the moment.

2. What is a submicroscopic entity that is considered nonliving because it lacks cellular structure and consists of nucleic acids encapsulated in a protein coat called a capsid?

• A. Bacteria
• B. Fungus
• C. Virus
• D. Protozoa

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Virus. Viruses are not considered living organisms because they lack cellular structure. Instead, they are composed of nucleic acids (either DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat called a capsid. Bacteria (choice A), fungus (choice B), and protozoa (choice D) are all living organisms with cellular structures, unlike viruses. Therefore, they are incorrect choices for this question.

3. What is the term for a group of organisms living in the same place and interacting with each other?

• A. Ecosystem
• B. Community
• C. Population
• D. Niche

Correct answer: B

Rationale: - A) Ecosystem refers to a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. - B) Community specifically refers to a group of organisms of different species living in the same place and interacting with each other. - C) Population refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area. - D) Niche refers to the role or function of an organism or species within an ecosystem. In this context, the term for a group of organisms living in the same place and interacting with each other is best described as a community because it involves multiple species interacting within a shared habitat.

4. Which of the following indicates the body's draining of clear fluid throughout the body to protect it from infection?

• A. Pulmonary Loop
• B. Systemic Loop
• C. Lymphatic System
• D. Immune System

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the Lymphatic System. The lymphatic system is responsible for draining clear fluid, known as lymph, throughout the body to protect it from infection. The other choices are incorrect because the pulmonary loop specifically refers to circulation between the heart and lungs, the systemic loop refers to circulation between the heart and the rest of the body, and the immune system is responsible for fighting infections and diseases rather than draining clear fluid.

5. What is the relationship between mass and weight on Earth's surface?

• A. Mass and weight are equal
• B. Mass is greater than weight
• C. Weight is greater than mass
• D. Mass and weight are not related

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Weight is greater than mass. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity acting on that object. On Earth's surface, weight is greater than mass because gravity pulls objects towards the center of the Earth, resulting in a force that we perceive as weight. Choice A is incorrect because mass and weight are not equal; weight is a force, while mass is a measure of the amount of matter. Choice B is incorrect because mass is not greater than weight; weight is the force exerted due to gravity. Choice D is incorrect as mass and weight are related; weight is dependent on mass and the gravitational force acting on the object.

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