Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the number of moles of solute per liter of solution?

• A. Molarity
• B. Molality
• C. Normality
• D. Concentration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Molarity is the correct term for the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed as moles of solute divided by liters of solution. Molality (B) is similar but is moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Normality (C) is the number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution, and Concentration (D) is a general term for the amount of solute present in a given quantity of solution. Therefore, the correct answer is A, molarity, as it specifically refers to moles of solute per liter of solution.

2. What is the name of the outermost layer of the skin?

• A. Dermis
• B. Epidermis
• C. Subcutaneous tissue
• D. Hypodermis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epidermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, providing a protective barrier against external factors. The dermis is situated beneath the epidermis and contains structures like blood vessels and hair follicles. Subcutaneous tissue, also known as the hypodermis, lies below the dermis and consists mainly of fat tissue, serving functions such as insulation and energy storage. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the outermost layer of the skin.

3. Which of the following represents a form of potential energy?

• A. A moving car
• B. A spinning top
• C. A raised hammer
• D. A rolling ball

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A raised hammer represents potential energy as it possesses stored energy due to its position above the ground. When the hammer falls, this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as it moves. In contrast, options A, B, and D involve objects already in motion, representing kinetic energy. Choice A, a moving car, is in motion and has kinetic energy. Choice B, a spinning top, is also in motion and exhibits kinetic energy. Choice D, a rolling ball, is already moving and thus has kinetic energy. Therefore, only choice C, a raised hammer, is the correct representation of potential energy among the given options.

4. Which of the following is the smallest unit of matter?

• A. Molecule
• B. Atom
• C. Compound
• D. Element

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An atom is the fundamental building block of matter, while molecules are formed by the combination of atoms.

5. What are the building blocks of proteins?

• A. Sugars
• B. Fatty acids
• C. Amino acids
• D. Nucleotides

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Proteins are macromolecules made up of long chains of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are linked together through peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains, which then fold into specific three-dimensional structures to carry out various functions in the body. Sugars (choice A) are the building blocks of carbohydrates, fatty acids (choice B) are the building blocks of lipids, and nucleotides (choice D) are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. Therefore, the correct answer is amino acids (choice C), as they are specifically responsible for protein synthesis.

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